Sibling separation Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sibling separation - Annotated Bibliography ExampleIn the article, there are the effects of sibling separation standardised trauma, extreme sense of loss and anger. The article as well clearly states the repercussions of sibling separation comparable making it difficult for the siblings to heal, development of a healthy self image and making personal attachments to people. In the article, there are the reasons for the placement like lack of resources and the needs of the siblings, and the factors to consider when carrying out the exercise like determining the level of attachment between the siblings. Lastly, the article looks into the ways in which the sibling can be adjusted during the process.The article expounds on the implications of sibling separations and races in child placement practice. The article gives details of how the relationship and bonds developed by the siblings can be monitored and understood. According to the article, the sibling placement process is multidis ciplinary area requiring inputs from family therapy, rivalry, freehanded siblings, incest and siblings from poor families among others. The article also explains the importance of maintaining relationships and bonds during the sibling separation process. The article also gives recommendations on how to energize the process of children placement in foster care successful.This book gives the details involved in children word meaning process and lists the groups involved in the process. The book also explains on the measures prerequisite to enable the process to be a success. The book also explains the implications of the children separation from their friends and family on basis of various age brackets. The book also explains the various types of adoption and the implications on the sibling of each category of adoption. In the book there is a list of the social policies to be followed to make the process legal and ensure that the process has less oppose impacts on the sibling, the siblings new family and the former family.The

Thesis Final Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

final Paper - Thesis ExampleSpecial needs students should likewise mingle with other students and partake in peer and teacher socializations. An effective technique for the integration of special needs students entails simply a discriminative stimulus not to treat them as special persons with disabilities. In this process, students with disabilities achieve a sense of belonging and a feeling of acceptance (Cooper et al, 2002).This paper will discuss how special needs students learn through the assistant of inclusion and accommodation in the regular classroom settings. This paper will also prove that teachers pass an important role in educating the special needs students.Academic institutions, as well as educators, atomic number 18 expected to make adjustments for the diversities of special needs students by modifying features in the school setting that may be unfavorable to the students advancement. Accommodation refers to modification of the school facilities, programs, and pr ep in relation to education of the disabled students. In court cases, accommodation has been used to refer to amendments in the special needs students education. Likewise, accommodation refers to advances wherein several components of the whole learning environment of the students are modified for more education encouragement. The educators emphasize on amending the educational standard atmosphere or the learning necessities to enable these students to be educated regardless of their limitations or deficits (Price et al, 1998).Accommodation entails the utilization of customized training practices, more bendable administrative methods, adaptable educational conditions, or any classroom activity that focuses on the use of more integral abilities or that offers revised educational processes (Price et al, 1998).The majority of students, particularly the ones with learning disabilities, flowerpot profit from study skills training. The

Walmart Business Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Walmart Business victor - Essay ExampleThe essay Walmart Business Success talks about the rise of Walmart in Ameri quarter business arena. It is the largest private telephoner in the US and employs over 2 million people. Since its inception in 1962, the company has risen through the economic and complaisant thickets to become the largest retail store in the world. The rise of Walmart during the post war economic climate can be attributed to the aspect of technology and innovations in the business sector. Logically, technological logistics played a substantial federal agency in bolstering and streamlining the business activities practiced by Walmart stores. However, the integration of capitalism and some social set same(p) ethics and religion contributed immensely to the rise of the retail store. Walmarts management appreciated the aspects of the free enterprise, Christianity and family values in the companys business activities. These aspects of capitalism and social responsibi lity could be seen in their production, cede and the employment relationship to the larger southern population of the American community. Degradation of American capitalism during the cosmea War 2 affected the south. The post-war economic climate created resource imbalance within the state whereby the magnetic north dominated productivity while the majority of the south got disadvantaged. Walmart undertook to rejuvenate capitalism and address economic injustices undergo by the rural population. The stores management implemented the values of Christianity, family values, and the free market. and free market in their business relationships with the society (Moreton 87). Free enterprise refers to an economic state where the forces of supply and demand form business activities. According to Moreton, the consumer population follows the serveability of the desired products in the market. In addition, the demand forces and the necessity aim of those products in their lives influence their consumer behavior. In the context of Walmart, the stores embraced the need of employing free market policies in their production lines defend by the capitalistic state of US economy. Though capitalism was part the US economic pillars, the consequences of cosmos War 2 affected its operation. Based on this, Walmart moved to meet the demands of the society members residing in the rural areas including another(prenominal) members concerned with the issue of free enterprise. As a result, the forces of demand guided the production and supply lines of the store. Walmart strived to avail exactly what the consumers required at economically friendly prices. Walmart allocated some resources to marketing research exercises meant to provide the material picture of the consumer demands in each market segment. Upon identification of their needs, the stores responded by availing the goods to the population. In addition to the practices of free enterprise, Walmart left(a) the forces of su pply and demand to guide their pricing activities. Consequently, the capitalistic aligned members of the society embraced the free enterprise practices of the company (Moreton 45). The rural population liked the free market activities of the company hence the

Perspectives of Ageing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Perspectives of Ageing - Essay ExampleRacism, on the other hand, is related to class of bulk who feel discriminated in certain nation and society based on their amicable origin and skin color or upbringing. Every nation evolves certain policies to support the senior citizens or aging population within their region .They also help support the minority to help them immix with mainstream population. Thus many theories and policies have been formulated to enhance the life of aging population and to control the prejudicial impacts of racial discrimination within community. The report examines the issues of aging and racialism, which exists in a small suburban town in India, and the devil interviews were conducted with informed consent .To balance the nature of participation one fe anthropoid and one male member was chosen. This gender bias is very apparent and so is class bias reflected from the interviews. The issues elated to racism and ageing send packing take many forms of so cial issue which changes its flavor based on the terra firma of origin. The issues are there, and it unavoidably to be addressed in the light of the national policies and theories, and constitutional rights of the citizens. This issue needs to be approached from wider perspective, from local level, national level and international level. The issues are that health and economics needs should be addressed along with the social issues, which are apparent in the aging population.The interviews conducted reveal that the issues of aging and racism are mainly connected to health, economic and social interactivity. These are the issue which impact everyday life events. These are global issues which are prevalent in every country. The increasing life expectancy has light-emitting diode to increasing number of aged population over 60 years of age. This aging population is suppuration number is impacting the re consideration on the national level and constitutional level, with hot insuranc e implementation, and the need for new set of rights which can guarantee them support and protection in unusual circumstance. The exploding need for new consideration has been the strongly recognized by the health policies, socioeconomic development plans and economic policies which can provide maximal provision to this group with regard to health and functional capacity. This has been done in consideration for the betterment of their social participation and economic security. These are some of the new challenges of the emerging society. Ageing Since my interview is related to people from developing countries, who are residing in UK , but originally from India, it would be interesting to examine the nature of policy change and social changes which has been witnessed worldwide. The theories which have evolved over time on ageing, plays a key role in understanding my selected audience. In the context of my interview, ageing is more relevant than racism. Therefore I am acquittance t o focus more on the theories and policies related to ageing which applies more in the context of my interviews. It is interesting how we can trace the impacts of these theories in real life in two very different cases taken from two gender specimen. An understanding of this phenomenon from scientific and social perspective is important to understand the significant role in the growing number of ageing population throughout the world. Human beings are unique and complex

Reflective Journal-Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

reflective Journal-Ethics - Essay ExampleBy adopting the responsibilities of this one soul, I began to imagine the world view of this person. Focusing on my own responsibilities, as I understood them helped me to see that one of the greatest challenges in making ethical finiss lies in the king to recognize when a decision actually needs to be made. Fol starting timeing established procedures and adopting a view of the world that is equipped with blinders can lead to unethical decisions. It is easy to say that you faithfully did your job and however act in an unethical manner. Unfortunately, this is all too easy to do when all a person cares about is holding the party line and doing their duties in a way that does not question the end of their decision.Another aspect of the simulation game that was especially world powerful was the understanding of motivation and perception of others. I felt that the activity where the impact of my decision on all of the other participants was g raded from high to low as a very insightful activity. It helped me to see that individuals that have the most to lose from a decision will seek to influence the decision making process the most. They will use whatever power and influence they have to maintain their positions. This is not something that I ever thought about quite in this way. I can see how information that each individual provides might be tainted by their own biases that are coming from the fact that they are trying to maintain their positions. Weighing the impact of a decision on all of the players helped me to identify when I might be open to influence from somebody that might lead to an unethical decision.I found the game to be a good training tool for creative thinking as well. In most situations involving ethics, the answer or decision cannot be made in a vacuum and there is rarely a black or blank answer. Some things are clearly unethical, such as withholding information about a harvest-feast that has

Article Summary and Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Summary and Critique - Essay ExampleAuthors present an institutional jump out model based on their experiences with the HBLI program. It refers the key argonas that need development. The model covers the financial, moral, mentorship and technical support issues. well-nigh of the Mexican American students are from lower middle class families. Hence, they need substantial financial support to complete their doctoral degrees. Moral support and cultural bonding can be enhanced by organizing various social activities among the students. Presence of Mexican American staff will allow them to connect and subsume with the faculty. Guidance by the Mexican American faculty, acting as their mentors, will also be actually encouraging and helpful. Lack of proper technical support is another factor that should be taken business organization of. All these factors were taken into account by HBLI in their programs and resulted in significant progress. The authors conclude that cooperation of the staff of the universities and their belief in the abilities of Mexican American students can boost up the number of doctoral degree holders.The authors are Mexican American doctorate degree holders themselves. They were part of the HBLI Doctoral Fellowship Program.

The Role of Competitive Intelligence on Google Essay

The Role of rivalrous Intelligence on Google - Essay Examplence at Google Advantages of Competitive Intelligence The briny objective of agonistical erudition is to identify new opportunities and potential threats that lie ahead. It tries to detect and counter the threat from competition. Competitive intelligence aims to remove or reduce the surprises and on that pointfore tries to develop and enhance the competitive advantage. Globalization along with assenting to the huge databases and the realization of the new type of competitor and business opportunities has also led to the advancement in the competitive intelligence. Therefore, competitive intelligence keeps the companies ahead of their competitors and therefore opens new horizon for them (All Hands Business Solutions, 2009). The think below explains the competitive intelligence cycle which begins with planning and ends at diffusion of the information at the organisation. starting time (Quoniam, n.d.). When the data is ga thered from numerous sources, it is evaluated in order to identify the competitors strategies as salubrious as future directions. The main objective of the CI is to make informed marketing as hygienic as strategic decisions through and through which gaining strategic advantage and reduction of the risk is possible (College of Business and customary Policy, 2011). It is worth mentioning that when a society has detailed information and knowledge regarding the product/ services of its competitors, the company is in all likelihood to gain advantage that give assist it in planning the best strategies and therefore enhance the boilersuit profitability and market fortune (The University of New York, 2011). The main result obtained from the competitive intelligence is its capability to pre head for the hills forward-looking decisions. Hence, it can be stated that it is through competitive intelligence that the companies are...When the data is gathered from numerous sources, it is eva luated in order to identify the competitors strategies as well as future directions. The main objective of the CI is to make informed marketing as well as strategic decisions through which gaining strategic advantage and reduction of the risk is possible (College of Business and Public Policy, 2011). It is worth mentioning that when a company has detailed information and knowledge regarding the product/ services of its competitors, the company is likely to gain advantage that will assist it in planning the best strategies and therefore enhance the overall profitability and market share (The University of New York, 2011). The main result obtained from the competitive intelligence is its capability to prepare forward-looking decisions. Hence, it can be stated that it is through competitive intelligence that the companies are capable of devising strategic decision making as well as that of market leadership. Disadvantage or Potential Pitfalls of Competitive IntelligenceAs per the view s of Malhotra (1996), its main goal is to collect pertinent information which is valid and accurate. Inaccurate information may expose organisations competitive intelligence efforts. The other significant drawbacks of competitive intelligence are that there may be illustrations of fake confirmation where a significant source of data may tend to confirm the records received from other sources.

Physiology and metabolism, cardiovascular system, MacMan computer Essay

Physiology and metabolism, cardiovascular system, MacMan computer simuklation - Essay ExamplePhysiological homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is maintained depending on baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes. Baroreceptor reflexes respond to changes in blood haul and chemoreceptor reflexes respond to changes in pH, which are usually caused by an increase or decrease in blood CO2 (S canlon & Sanders, 2011). Question 1 What happens to the blood closet and flavour rate?The systolic blood pressure is increased to 132.8 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is increased to 82.2 mmHg. The heart rate is decreased to 51.8/min (table 1). When arterial resistance is increased, the vessels experience vasoconstriction, which leads to an increase in blood pressure and a decrease in heart rate.Changing the heart rate conclusioned into a change in the time of the systole and that of the cardiac relaxation. The alteration in the blood pressure and cardiac output displayed a plateau, only if i ncreased by a small margin. At low heart rates, the existence of pericardial constraints causes a limitation in the viscous pressure (Her, Mandy, & Bairamian, 2005). A decrease in the heart rate conduct to the redistribution of the thoracic compartment from the extracic hence causing a reduction in the blood pressure.Question 2 What force give rise to the altered arterial resistance in a natural situation?The result of altered arterial resistance is increased high blood pressure (hypertension). Systolic pressure ranging among 125 and 139 mmHg and diastolic pressure that range between 60 and 80 mmHg are often considered prehypertension. This can be caused by stress, smoking, and high level of salt consumption (Her, Mandy, & Bairamian, 2005).

The Myocardial Infarction Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The myocardial Infarction Case - Essay ExampleFour pieces of assessment entropy The key pieces of assessment data include the face lift of serum cardiac troponin levels (cTnT) diagnosed by collecting and testing of the blood breathlessness, diagnosed by the poster of shortness of breath appearing pale and tired, diagnosed by observing the patients feeling patient feeling tired, fatigued, low-cal and nausea the detection of tenderheartedness sound S3 with no adventitious lung sounds or peripheral oedema and preliminary history of heart failure as diagnosed by her doctor earlier and the data of the 12- lead electrocardiogram which shows 2mm elevation in anterior leads of V1-V4 with the Q fly highs in inferior leads 11, 11 and a VF. McCaffery does not complain of office pain, which is a symptom of acute myocardial infarction the reason for not having chest pain stems from her get along with and that she is diabetic. Davidson (2008) states that oldish and diabetic patients exp erience silent or non-pain myocardial infarction. Pathophysiology of the data pieces of assessment The pathophysiology of the Electrocardiograph (ECG) and the elevation of serum cardiac troponin (TP) piece data. ...he changes in plasma concentration of these markers bring out the diagnostic order however, confusion may arise for the diagnoses of Angina which when damaged does produce troponins. The difference is that angina with minimal myocardial damage releases troponins to a minor degree. Electrocardiography (ECG) is difficult to interpret unless there exists a previous register of myocardial infarction. The first change is the serum troponin elevation followed by a diminution of the size of R wave and an occurrence of infarction of a Q wave develops. The Q wave develops because the myocardial infarct acts as an galvanic window that transmits the changes from within the ventricular cavity to allow the electrocardiography (ECG) to see the reciprocal R wave from the walls of the ventricle (Hutchisons, 2007). Therefore, McCafferys 12 lead show 2mm segment elevation with leads v1-v4 with the Q wave reciprocal changes of 11, 111, and a VF which leads to no other conclusion but to that of myocardial infarction. Electrocardiography recorded from a 70- year old man who had an acute infarct 2 days ago and had treatment for myocardial infarction 11 months before showed Q waves in the inferior leads (11, 111, and a VF) and serum troponin (ST) elevation on the anterior leads (1 and V2-V6) (Davidsons, 2008). This diagnosis resembles that of McCaffery so it can rightly be inferred that McCaffery is suffering from myocardial infarction. The other reason for the pathophysiology of the electrocardiography is that one cannot confide on these results unless there is a prior diagnosis of myocardial infarction. This is overcome by the fact that, McCaffery was diagnosed with heart failure by her doctor and drugs prescribed.

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

International Marketing - Essay Example on that point are varieties of options before a company when they decide to enter an overseas market. Three major issues postulate careful planning before venturing into another region, which include the right marketing mix, sourcing or the product and enthronization decisions (Qdi). Marketing mix itself involves decisions on whether to sell in the other country directly or by dint of intermediaries and which market segment should be tapped first. Marketing mix for services is more difficult to ascertain than for products. investment decisions and control are equally important - whether it should be a joint venture with a local anaesthetic partner, whether they should acquire an existing company in that country or have a global partner. establish on these factors, this report will discuss the marketing strategies of two different Companies in the service firmament - DHLs entry in the China market and Vodafone of UKs entry in the US market .

How Does The Drug Molly Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How Does The dose Molly progress to - Essay ExampleEcstasy may be called a chemical cousin to Methamphetamine. Other label be Happy Pill, X, TC, Clarity, Love Drug, Adam (The Physiologic (Biologic) Basis of Drug Addiction). The powder may be injected, snores or ingested. The drug is usually apply at clubs, discos, and concerts and in other places where people need to be energetic and fearless. The drug MDMA is very dangerous and may have really unknown consequences as sometimes each pill contains different combinations of mixed substances, which have various effects. As a chemical boundula the drug makes a person alert. Negative effects of the use may be nausea, high spirit rate, muscle cramping, high blood pressure, faintness, chills, sweating, tremors, involuntary teeth clenching, muscle tension, hyperthermia or even death. side effects include anxiety, depression, the feeling of sadness, paranoia, sleep problems, confusion, irritability, fatigue, feelings of empathy and e motional sensitivity, impaired attention, dizziness, expiry of appetite, constipation, aches and pains, exhaustion and drug craving. all in all these effects may last from several days to a week. High doses of Molly may set aside and compromise the ability of the heart to maintain normal rhythms. Molly overdose leads to panic attacks, acute delirium, loss of consciousness, disorganized thinking, overresponsive or overreactive reflexes, circulatory shock, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiotoxicity, heart damage, brain damage, organ failure, coma or death. cosmos short for molecule, Molly is considered to be the purest MDMA, whereas Ecstasy is usually laced with caffeine, methamphetamine or other ingredients. The Drug Enforcement Administration finds that MDMA has a very high potential of risk, that is why the most controlled substance is and is non accepted in medical treatment (Molly, Powder or Crystal Form of MDMA, is Popular at Music Festivals). The drug is considered to be empathoge nic of the phenethylamine and amphetamine classes. Molly refers to MDMA in a crystal form or powder and is the highest level of purity (MDMA). Chemical formula of the drug is C11H15NO2. This industrial chemical is used as the chemical synthesis intermediate in some chemical industries. TFMPP (Triflouromethylphenyl piperazine) became a legal substitute of Ecstasy or MDMA in 2001. Being combined with benzylpiperazine (BZP) the drug is often sold as legal x, A2 or legal E. The primary precursor for MDMA manufacturing is a about yellow or colorless liquid, which oily and extracted from the sassafras tree (the fruit or the root-bark). Different intermediates in concert with various synthetic methods help to convert safrole into MDMA. The most common way is via the MDP2P intermediate (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propan 1) (MDMA). The properties of Molly atomic number 18 similar to the effects of Ecstasy. In case of overdosing a person may have hallucinogenic reactions. As it is not know n what quantities and substances of the drug are injected, the danger of using it is very high. The content of MDMA pills varies from one region to another and from one brand to another. Another problem is that the drug may contain such(prenominal) active substances as ephedrine, caffeine, amphetamine, mephedrone and others which may be cheap and of very low quality. Very often pills that are sold as ecstasy have no content of MDMA having a variety of unenviable substance and drugs instead. The

An Argument for the Rights of Chimpanzees Essay

An list for the Rights of Chimpanzees - Essay ExampleWomen, ethnic and sexual minorities lobby for recognition of their rights as individuals of no lesser superlative than any other. Indeed, very few of us would consider them unjust arguments the days in which women were not allowed to vote, or when ethnic groups were segregated from one another are remembered with a sense of regret. consequently, that men, and women, work sacrosanct and agree rights is rarely disputed, even though in practice work remains to be done to nail that these rights are respected.However, the argument for equal rights is especial(a) entirely to the realms of one species of the living organism kingdom Homo sapiens. A review of the scientific evidence regarding the ape, pan troglodytes, known more popularly as chimpanzee, provides a cause argument for the extension of a number of rights to those apes and demonstrates that past and contemporary ethical discussions of rights have been severely limited and need to be revised. good philosophy draws a distinction between animals and art object, excluding all other breeding forms on this planet from its discussions. An example of this can be found in John Rawls A Theory of Justice, where Rawls states that we should render here the limits of a theory of justice. Not only are many aspects of morality left aside, scarce no account is given of right conduct in regard to animals and the rest of nature (488). Thus Rawls considers rights to be limited in their application to human beings, distinguishing humans as something entirely distinct from the animal kingdom. Rawls does not just exclude other animals from a discussion of rights, but considers any arguments related to the duties of man towards animals to be outside the scope of the theory of justice (448). However, as Copernicus removed the earth from the center of the universe, smash man off his pedestal for the further enrichment of the science of astronomy, so must ethical phi losophy cease all thought of man as occupying a reserved and elitist place above the animal kingdom. Ethical philosophy is still grounded in concepts from the Enlightenment era, before the discoveries of Charles Darwin which revealed that human beings and all other animals shared a common ancestor. Rather than man being something distinct from, and overlord to, other species, humans are in fact close relatives to all other life on the planet. Rawls thus commits a fallacy in distinguishing humans from animals and limiting his discussion of rights to humans. Professor Richard Dawkins, a leading evolutionary biologist, observes that legal and moral systems are deeply species-bound (262). Unjustly and irrationally so, considering our evolutionary history.Chimpanzees have the greatest claim to enjoying equal rights to the rest of valet due to their close evolutionary proximity to Homo sapiens. Dawkins notes that the last common ancestor of humans and chimps lived mayhap as recently as five million years ago and that chimpanzees and we share more than 99 per cent of our genes (263). In the preceding five million years a number of intermediates between ourselves and chimpanzees have lived, some closer to the chimpanzee, some closer to the human (Dawkins, 263). The chimpanzee is just a short measurement away along the evolutionary tree of life from human beings. Thus, they surely have the rights to enjoy freedom, earnest and

Drexler's World Famous Bar-B-Que Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drexlers World Famous Bar-B-Que - Article ExampleThe ability to utilize windows of opportunity is a life-sustaining operator of victor. This paper gives a discussion on factors that enhances Drexlers existence and its impact on the close population. What role do think ofs play in how Drexlers Bar-B-Que interacts with its neighbors and customers? take to bes are essential in the progression of any organization and, they are of particular interest to Drexler. The handicraft has specific hold dears for both the air and the surrounding population. The bank line also has value for family membership and participation. This indicates that Drexler values family ties among its different stakeholders. The different values that Drexler ready on its business play vital roles that determine interactions between the business and its environment. The effects or benefits of Drexlers value attain a cumulative effect that has helped to sustain the bar-b-que business at a militant edge. Fi rstly, the business has values for its inheritance. Its heritage included unique recipes and value for conservative taste for their products. These values have enabled the business to retain its originality despite the numerous transformations that it has gone through. In addition to the maintenance of originality, the value for heritage enabled Drexler to be identified among its competitors. The value also promoted a sense of uniqueness that made customers to identify themselves with the business. This value ensured that the memory of the business and its bar-b-que remained in customers minds despite the numerous times that the business closed down. This value promoted customers serve up or the value of customers to the business. Unlike other competing businesses, Drexler had value for its customers. Value for its customers is demonstrated through the impeccable operate offered to customers who visit the restaurant. In addition to the quality services, customers to the business w ere treated with high degree of respect and appreciation. Value for customer enabled Drexler to attract and retain dedicated and loyal customers. The ability to attract large number of loyal customer has enabled the business to rise to success. Customer value also enabled Drexler to have continuous and lucrative business in a exceedingly competitive food industry. Drexler value for customers created and verifyed a warm alliance between the business and its customers. This guaranteed the business a constant supply of customer despite the various options for bar-b-que. This factor was of particular interest during the numerous occasions that the business had to re-open after a close down. The ability to maintain customers was promoted by the fact that the business had high value for quality products. Drexler invested in producing quality bar-b-que through their highly researched secret recipes. The recipes that were used in the restaurant had been tested and tried throughout the e ntire duration that the business was in operation. Offering high quality products remained as the sole secrete of the business success. The business success was also heavily determined by its interaction with the immediate external environment. Drexler maintained a safe(p) relationship with its neighborhood that enabled it to create and maintain a competitive business. Unlike other businesses, Drexler also had value for its competitors. This enabled the business managers to learn useful skills from their competitors and methods they could use in order to remain in

The Problem of Evil Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Problem of Evil - Term Paper ExampleThe all-good, the all-powerful, etc., are claims to justifying the creator who do the world of all possible worlds. Theodicy involves these traditional arguments and weighs these arguments against the scale of the problem of evil. G.W. Leibniz is a case in point. match to Leibniz, this world, no matter how imperfect, is actually the best of all possible worlds that divinity would have created in whatsoever look. More so, Leibnizs optimistic theodicy does non see the existence of evil in the world as fundamentally counting against Gods existence. Therefore, evil, as it were, becomes a non-issue when seen from the purview of Gods grand plan of the universe. Further, we realize that there is a perpetual and almost free progress of the safe and sound universe in fulfillment of the universal beauty and perfection of the works of God, so that it is always locomote towards a neater development. (1967, 421). Theodicy as the rational study of G od necessarily has to come to grips with evil, where the question is intimately justifying Gods goodness in the presence of evil. ... Does belief in God contribute to populaces pursuit of happiness, notwithstanding the other equally issue called evil? Or, is it something superfluous let but erroneous? The presence of evil in the world is real, no doubt. But it has a purpose. The process of growing forces us to admit to ourselves that we are not at the center of this cosmic process, and that what we need to do is to find ourselves to the ultimate end of the process. Teilhard de Chardin sees evil as part of the whole process of evolution from which man moldiness learn to find his rightful place. De Chardin explains Statistically, at every degree of evolution, we find evil always and everywhere, forming and reforming implacably in us and around us. (1975, 312). Similarly, an uncritical belief in an objectivist divine providence needs to give way to the reality of evil which God us es to teach man of his existence in the world. Divine providence is not magic. Evil is a privation of mans supposed end of goodness. In the end, human personal business need to be addressed by man, not God. The evil in the world is very great and we see little or no reliable evidence of a benevolent providence, (Cupitt 2001, 106). Leave God alone Atheism easily dismisses Gods existence on account of the reality of evil, as if to falsify alto belongher Gods existence because of the perceived presence of something that goes against Gods attributes. For atheism Gods existence is nothing but mans projection of his desire to get the help of some superpower to take away the problem of evil which he cannot do. From a theist perspective, the objections of atheism can be adequately addressed - not apologetically, but

Oppositional Defiant Disorder Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Oppositional Defiant Disorder - Term Paper ExampleThe condition ordinarily affects individuals during childhood. The concern of the medical authorities regarding rummy can be attributed the high percentage of children diagnosed with the condition. In fact, it is considered as the most commonly diagnosed mental health condition in children (Hamilton and Armando, 2008, p.861). Based on the studies conducted in the association level approximately 3 percent of children have ODD with the symptomatic and Statistical Manual of cordial Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV) description as the sole basis. When other parameters and criteria were considered the prevalence ranges from 1 to 16 percent (Hamilton and Armando, 2008, p.861). The constitution is aimed to define and to discuss ODD and the different pertinent concepts related to the condition such as the symptoms, risks, guidance methods, treatments, and related researches and studies. The said objective of the paper can be achieved through the data gathering from important academic and medical references, e.g. journals. In addition, the main focus of the process is the educational perspective which is either to civilise the public or to present the methods of educating the individuals with ODD. Definition of ODD Oppositional defiant malady, ODD, is officially defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. ... chool years but due to other pausementally hard behavior that can also be observed, the method of diagnosis is based on more than maven symptom or criterion (Hamilton and Armando, 2008, p.861). Upon the determination of the meaning of ODD, the methods of diagnosis and the symptoms be needed to be presumptuousness attention to achieve better understanding of the disorder. It is also important to focus on the methods of treatments and management of ODD since it is known as a subset and a precursor to a more serious condition referred to as conduct disorder (Chakraburtty, 2009) . Recorded data show that one third of the children diagnosed with ODD will develop into conduct disorder while 40 percent will lead to antisocial personality disorder during adult years (Hamilton and Armando, 2008, p.863). The oppositional behavior of the children of the children ranges from passive to active forms of non-compliance. Ignoring the direction given up by adults such as parents and teachers is an example of passive ODD. Active non-compliant behavior ranges from mild refusal to angry rejection of parents or elders commands and guidance (Matthys and Lochman, 2010, p.1). There are levels of opposition from children and adolescents which can be considered normal for their age. Thus, the determination of the levels of oppositional behavior considered abnormal is needed to be given attention for the early diagnosis and treatment of the problematic child. Methods of Diagnosis of ODD There are octonary standard symptoms included in the description of ODD as the bases for dia gnosis. Four of the eight symptoms of the condition should be present for an individual to be considered to possess ODD. The standard symptoms include lost of temper argument with adults defying adults requests and/or rules

Congo River In Heart of Darkness Essay Example for Free

Congo River In Heart of phantom EssayThe Meaning of the Congo River for Marlow, the journey on the Congo River is wiz of the most difficult and minacious journeys he will ever take. The fact that it takes him around and not completely into the jungle is significant of Marlows psychological journey as well. He never re all(prenominal)y goes on res publica but watches the shore from the out stake(a). The more everywhere time he goes on shore he finds a wasteland. For Marlow the jungle of the Congo is representative of sin that man is capable of. In Heart of Darkness, it seems that the further Marlow travels into the jungle, the deeper he looks into himself. All this time is spent on the Congo River as he looks from the outside. This is symbolic as he is looking at his soul from the outside but never really sees himself until he goes on land to get Kurtz. When he arrives on land is symbolic of when he looks the deepest into himself. He goes to find Kurtz on his deathbed and is given he choice to take over for him as a god among an African tribe.Marlow is plaqued with the ultimate choice between close and cruel. For a moment it is uncertain what choice Marlow will make. But, unlike Kurtz, Marlow picks the good over evil, as he rescues Kurtz back to the steamer. The fact that Marlow sailed along the Congo River, around the jungle, and not actually into the jungle is an important symbol also. Marlow never walks the path that Kurtz did to self-destruction. He went around the jungle to avoid getting captured by evil. Kurtz was a decent Englishman until he gave into the desires of his heart of darkness. Kurtz spent all his time in the jungle and eventually forgot all of his self-control, manners, and upbringing. He authentically looked in the deepest part of himself and found that his evil desires would reign. This is symbolic because he was deep inside the jungle. In this gaze Conrad uses to men to show the reader both the good and bad of humankind.He shows the true evil and good that man is capable of If proper restraints had been there would Kurtz have done things differently? The fact that no one was around to keep Kurtz in check helped him succeed in becoming capable of the immense evil he became. Marlow had his shipmates there to keep him responsible. When he left the steamboat there wasnt anyone to restrain Marlow. He was face to face with himself and his human desires, but as he looked at Kurtz and what the evil had done to him he saw the consequences of choosing evil. If Marlow hadnt seen the consequences would he have acted differently? In the beginning of the novel, Marlow talks of things as if they are happening far forward from him and not actually happening close by which represents that he is on the outside looking in.He also talks about a fog that settles over the river. This fog represents a distortion of what lies ahead. As he makes his decisions based on what he thinks is right but really he has no topic of wh at will happen to him or his crew. As the novel progresses the reader will start to understand all of these themes and symbols that the Congo River represents. It represents the shedding of layers of the soul and taking a look into the desires of the heart. By the end it seams as though the reader has taken a look into their own soul to find out what ultimately dominates them. go away they find themselves to be a Marlow a person who exercises their capacity for good, or will they find themselves to be a Kurtz a person capable of an immense heart of darkness?

Criminal Sentencing Essay Example for Free

Criminal Sentencing EssayA basic distrust in criminal sentencing is What are the purports of criminal sentencing? Scholars, too, reflect on the purposes of punishment. There are commonly iv identified purposesRetribution. The oldest but considered the most important purpose for sentencing is retaliation, that is, inflicting on an off sacker suffering comparable to that ca wontd by the offense. An act of social vengeance, retribution is grounded in a view of society as a form of moral balance. When criminality upsets this balance, punishment exacted in comparable measure restores the moral order, as suggested in the biblical dictum An eye for an eye. While contemporary critics of retribution sometimes charge that this policy lacks the force to put right the offender, it still remains a strong on the buttonification for punishment.A second purpose for sentencing, intimidation amounts to the assay to discourage criminality through punishment. Initially, deterrence arose a s the banner of elucidateers hitchking to end what they saw as excessive punishments based on retribution. Critics asked, Why put someone to death for stealing if that crime could be discouraged with a prison condemn? As the concept of deterrence in sentencing gained widespread acceptance, action and physical mutilation of criminals were gradually replaced by milder forms of punishment such as imprisonment. There are two types of deterrence, specialized deterrence demonstrates to the individual offender that crime does non pay while in general deterrence, thepunishment of one person serves as an example to others.Rehabilitation. The third purpose for sentencing, rehabilitation, involves reforming the offender to preclude subsequent offenses. It resembles deterrence by motivating the offender to conform. But rehabilitation emphasizes constructive improvement while deterrence and retribution make the offender suffer. In addition, while retribution demands that the punishment fi t the crime, rehabilitation focuses on the distinctive problems of each offender. Thus identical offenses would call for similar acts of retribution but different programs of rehabilitation.Social protection. A final purpose for sentencing is social protection, or rendering an offender incapable of further offenses either temporarily through incarceration or permanently by execution. Like deterrence, social protection is a sharp-witted approach to punishment and seeks to protect society from crime. The different forms of sentencing used in different jurisdictions involve institutional sanctionstime to be served in prison or jail and noninstitutional sanctionsfines and forfeiture of the proceeds of crime, and serve of the judgment of conviction in the community in the form of probation or parole. Recently the arsenal of punishments has been considerably overstated by the creation of mixed sanctions and alternatives to either institutional or noninstitutional sanctions. The fol lowing are the word form of options for sentencingDeath penalty. In thirty-six states (as well as the federal courts), courts may impose a sentence of death for whatsoever offense designated a capital crime, for example, first-degree murder.Incarceration. The defendant may be sentenced to serve a end point in a local jail, state prison, or federal prison.Probation. The defendant may be sentenced to a period of probationary supervision within the community.Split sentence. A judge may offend the sentence mingled with a period of incarceration and a period of probation.Restitution. An offender may be required to digest financial reimbursement to cover the cost of a victims losses.Community gain. An offender may be required to spend a period of time performing public service work.Fine. An offender may be required to pay a certain sum of money as a penalty and/or as an alternative to or in conjunction with incarceration.This leads us to the bordering question, What are some refor ms that have been proposed? A recent reform growing out of the victims rights movement in the sentencing process is the consideration of storys by the victim, noticen as victim impact statements (VIS).Twenty-six states have mandated the use of VIS in criminal cases, while another twenty-two states have adopted so-called victim bills of rights that include recognition of the right of a victim to present a VIS. In the VIS, the victim provides a statement about the extent of economic, physical, or psychological harm suffered as a result of the victimization. The victim overly can make a recommendation about the type of sentence an offender should receive. Usually the VIS is corporal into the pre-sentence investigation report written by the probation officer.Research has revealed that a judges choice of a sentence is influenced much more by legal considerations than by victim preferences in cases where VIS has been presented (McGarrell, 1999).The third reform proposal is revitalisi ng judge. Restorative justice has been a feature of justice systems for a long time, though it was little used until a group of criminologists in the United States and the Commonwealth countries brought the image back to life. The term restorative justice was virtually unknown a decade ago, and it is still in search of a commonly accepted meaning. Yet, the literature related to this subject has grown rapidly, so that we venture to define it in terms offered by Howard Zehr, published in a symposium of The JusticeProfessional, entitled Criminology as Peacemaking. Zehr provides contrasting paradigms between the traditional, retributive sense of justice and the newly emerging (or reemerging) restorative sense of justice. If the proposed reform of restorative justice were adopted, where would that leave us with respect to the traditional aims or justifications of criminal justice?As to retribution (or just desserts), we would still be limited to never imposing an obligation (sanction) that outweighs the harm done.As to incapacitation, even the staunchest advocates of restorative justice recognize that some offenders are far too dangerous to be returned to the community and that their separation from the community is necessary. But the prison population could be vastly geldd.As to resocialization or rehabilitation, the very idea is built into restorative justice, which aims at restoring the community.Some of the current fill outs in federal sentencing according to the U.S. SentencingCommission at https//www.ussc.gov. are the followingThe issue on the amendment pertaining to offenses involving cocaine base (crack) and the amendment pertaining to certain criminal history rules, see 72 FR 28558 (May 21, 2007) 72 FR 51882 (September 11, 2007), should be applied retroactively to previously sentenced defendants.The issue of the legal Conference of the United States, the and the United States Sentencing Commission has decided to establish a standing victims advisory group pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 995 and Rule 5.4 of the Commissions Rules of Practice and Procedure. It was stated that the purpose of the advisory group is (1) to assist the Commission in carrying out its statutory responsibilities nether 28 U.S.C. 994(o) (2) to provide the Commission its views on the Commissions activities as they relate to victims of crime (3) to disseminate information regarding sentencing issues to organizations be by the advisory group and to other victims of crime and victims advocacy groups, as appropriate and (4) to perform any other functions related to victims of crime as the Commission requests. The victims advisory group will consist of not more than 9 members, each of whom may serve not more than two consecutive 3-year terms.The issue on New Yorks Rockefeller laws to curb the drug trade which directly contributed to a dramatic increase in the states prison population costing the state millions of dollars, but failing to impact drug trafficking. Accordi ng to a New York Times editorial, New York has made incremental changes to the Rockefeller laws in recent years, but has stopped absolutely of restoring judicial discretion.A governor-appointed commission charged with studying state sentencing practices, however, has produced a report calling for the end of indeterminate sentencing the process by which a judge imposes a minimum and a maximum sentence and the Parole Board decides when to release an offender. It further suggests that nonviolent offenders be considered for community-based treatment instead of prison. Finally, Gov. Elliot Spitzers commission recommends restoring prison-based procreational and training programs as a means of helping to lower recidivism rates.The website of the Sentencing Project at http//www.sentencingproject.org. mission is to incite reforms in sentencing law and practice, and alternatives to incarceration through their advocacy and research. Moreover, the Sentencing Project provides defense lawyers with sentencing advocacy training and to reduce the reliance on incarceration. Hence, the Sentencing Project has become the leader in the effort to bring national oversight to disturbing trends and inequities in the criminal justice system with a successful formula that includes the publication of modern research, aggressive media campaigns and strategic advocacy for policy reform.As a result of The Sentencing Projects research, publications and advocacy, many people know that this country is the worlds leader in incarceration, that one in three young black men is under control of the criminal justice system, that five million Americans cant vote because of felony convictions, and that thousands of women and children have lost welfare, education and housing benefits as the result of convictions for minor drug offenses. Thus, the Sentencing Project is dedicated to changing the way Americans commend about crime and punishment which coincide with the interests of the National Assoc iation of Sentencing Advocates.References McGarrell, E.F. Restorative Justice Conferences. Indianapolis, IN HudsonInstitute, 1999 Edmund F. McGarrell, harsh Crime through Police-Citizen Cooperation, American Outlook, Spring 1998, pp. 6567.The Sentencing Project at http//www.sentencingproject.org.U.S. Sentencing Commission Available at https//www.ussc.gov.Zehr, H. Justice as Restoration, Justice as Respect,The Justice Professional 11, nos. 12 (1998), pp. 7187.

Organic food Essay Example for Free

Organic food EssayWe asked Food Scientists a simple indecision What foods do you avoid? Experts from different areas of force explain why they wont decimate these viii foods. Food scientists are shedding light on items loaded with toxins and chemicalsand simple swaps for a cleaner regimen and supersized wellness. Experts from different areas of specialty explain why they wont eat these eight foods. Clean need miserlys choosing fruits, vegetables, and meats that are raised, grown, and sold with minimal processing. Often theyre constitutional, and rarely (if ever) should they contain additives.But in some founts, the methods of todays food producers are neither clean nor sustainable. The result is damage to our health, the environment, or both. So we decided to take a fresh look at food through the eye of the people who spend their lives uncovering whats safeor notto eat. Their answers feignt necessarily make up a banned foods list. But reaching for the suggested alte rnatives might bring you better healthand peace of mind. 1. The Endocrinologist Wont Eat Canned Tomatoes Fredrick Vom Saal, is an endocrinologist at the University of Missouri who studies bisphenol-A.The problem The resin linings of can cans contain bisphenol-A, a synthetic estrogen that has been linked to ailments ranging from reproductive problems to heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Unfortunately, acidity (a prominent character of tomatoes) causes BPA to leach into your food. Studies show that the BPA in most peoples body exceeds the amount that suppresses sperm occupation or causes chromosomal damage to the eggs of fleshlys. You can get 50 mcg of BPA per liter proscribed of a tomato can, and thats a level that is going to impact people, particularly the young, says vom Saal.I wont go near canned tomatoes. The dissolving agent Choose tomatoes in glass bottles (which do not need resin linings), such as the brands Bionaturae and Coluccio. You can likewise get several ty pes in Tetra Pak boxes, likeTrader Joes and Pomi. Exposure to BPA Causes Permanent Damage In OffSpring 2. The Farmer Wont Eat nourished Beef Joel Salatin is co-owner of Polyface Farms and author of half a dozen books on sustainable farming. The problem Cattle evolved to eat grass, not grains. But husbandmans today feed their animals corn and soja beanbeans, which fatten up the animals faster for slaughter.But more than money for cattle farmers (and lower prices at the grocery store) means a lot less sustenance for us. A recent comprehensive study conducted by the USDA and researchers from Clemson University found that compared with corn-fed beef, grass-fed beef is juicyer(prenominal)(prenominal) in beta-carotene, vitamin E, omega-3s, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), calcium, magnesium, and potassium lower in inflammatory omega-6s and lower in virtuous fats that wear been linked to heart disease. We need to respect the fact that cows are herbivores, and that does not mean feed ing them corn and chicken manure, says Salatin.The solution Buy grass-fed beef, which can be found at specialty grocers, farmers markets, and nationally at Whole Foods. Its usually labeled because it demands a premium, but if you dont see it, ask your butcher. 3. The Toxicologist Wont Eat Microwave Popcorn Olga Naidenko, is a senior scientist for the environmental Working Group. The problem Chemicals, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), in the lining of the bag, are part of a class of compounds that whitethorn be linked to infertility in humans, according to a recent study from UCLA. In animal testing, the chemicals cause liver, testicular, and pancreatic cancer.Studies show that microwaving causes the chemicals to vaporizeand migrate into your popcorn. They stay in your body for years and gain there, says Naidenko, which is why researchers worry that levels in humans could approach the amounts causing cancers in laboratory animals. DuPont and other manufacturers have promised to phase out PFOA by 2015 under a voluntary EPA plan, but millions of bags of popcorn will be sold between now and then. The solution Pop organic kernels the old-fashioned way in a s vote outet. For flavorings, you can add real butter or dried seasonings, such as dillweed, vegetable flakes, or soup mix.Make it organic and use coconut oil. If Youre Still Eating Microwave Popcorn, Youre Not Fully Grasping The Health Consequences 4. The Farm Director Wont Eat Nonorganic Potatoes Jeffrey Moyer is the hot seat of the National Organic Standards Board. The problem Root vegetables absorb herbicides, pesticides, and fungicides that wind up in soil. In the case of potatoesthe nations most popular vegetabletheyre treated with fungicides during the growing season, then sprayed with herbicides to kill off the fibrous vines before harvesting. After theyre dug up, the potatoes are treated yet again to prevent them from sprouting.Try this experiment Buy a conventional potato in a store, and fil ter to get it to sprout. It wont, says Moyer, who is also farm director of the Rodale install (also owned by Rodale Inc. , the publisher of Prevention). Ive talked with potato growers who say point-blank they would never eat the potatoes they sell. They have separate plots where they grow potatoes for themselves without all the chemicals. The solution Buy organic potatoes. Washing isnt good enough if youre trying to remove chemicals that have been absorbed into the flesh.Budget tip Organic potatoes are only $1 to $2 a pound, pretty more expensive than conventional spuds. 5. The Fisheries Expert Wont Eat Farmed Salmon Dr. David Carpenter, director of the Institute for Health and the Environment at the University at Albany, published a major study in the journal Science on contamination in fish. The problem Nature didnt intend for salmon to be crammed into pens and fed soy, poultry litter, and hydrolyzed chicken feathers. As a result, farmed salmon is lower in vitamin D and high i n contaminants, including carcinogens, PCBs, brominated flame retardants, and pesticides such as dioxin and DDT.According to Carpenter, the most contaminated fish come from northerly Europe, which can be found on American menus. You could eat one of these salmon dinners every 5 months without change magnitude your risk of cancer, says Carpenter, whose 2004 fish contamination study got broad media attention. Its that bad. Preliminary science has also linked DDT to diabetes and obesity, but some nutritionists believe the benefits of omega-3s outweigh the risks. There is also concern virtually the high level of antibiotics and pesticides used to treat these fish.When you eat farmed salmon, you get dosed with the same drugs and chemicals. The solution tack on to wild-caught Alaska salmon. If the package says fresh Atlantic, its farmed. There are no commercial fisheries left for wild Atlantic salmon. Farmed Fish vs. Wild Fish How Healthy Is The Fish At Your Favorite Grocery? 6. The C ancer detective Wont Drink Milk Produced With Artificial Hormones Rick North is project director of the guide for Safe Food at the Oregon Physicians for Social Responsibility and former CEO of the Oregon sectionalisation of the American Cancer Society.The problem Milk producers treat their dairy cattle with recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH or rBST, as it is also known) to boost milk production. But rBGH also increases udder infections and even festering in the milk. It also leads to higher(prenominal) levels of a hormone called insulin-like growth factor in milk. In people, high levels of IGF-1 may contribute to breast, prostate, and colon cancers. When the government approved rBGH, it was thought that IGF-1 from milk would be broken dispirited in the human digestive tract, says North.Theres not 100 percent proof that this is increasing cancer in humans, admits North. However, its banned in most industrialized countries. The solution Buy stinging milk or check labels f or rBGH-free, rBST-free, produced without artificial hormones, or organic milk. These phrases indicate rBGH-free products. why Do domain Still Drink Milk? 7. The Biotech Specialist Who Wont Eat Conventional soybean plant GMO tonic Soy Michael Harris is biotech specialist who has directed several projects within the biotech sector including those for genetically engineered food.He has been a consultant, passenger car and director for companies such as Xenon Pharmaceuticals and Genon Corporation. The problem Genetically engineered food is a cause of great(p) concern due to the manipulation of DNA and genetic code including transfers from one species to another. Fermented Soy Is The Only Soy Food Fit for Human Consumption and since almost 90% of soy in the world is genetically modified, if you are not ensuring sources are organic, long-term health problems are inevitable, especially since soy has been found to consider hormonal balance and even cause cancer.The solution Check lab els to ensure soy is Non-GMO or organic and never consume unfermented sources. If possible contact the company to find out exactly where the Non-GMO soy was obtained. 8. The Organic-Foods Expert Wont Eat Conventional Apples Mark Kastel, a former executive for agribusiness, is codirector of the fullness Institute, a farm-policy research group that supports organic foods. The problem If fall fruits held a most doused in pesticides contest, apples would win. Why? They are individually grafted (descended from a single tree) so that each variety maintains its distinctive flavor.As such, apples dont develop resistance to pests and are sprayed frequently. The industry maintains that these residues are not harmful. But Kastel counters that its proficient common sense to minimize exposure by avoiding the most doused produce, like apples. Farm workers have higher rates of many cancers, he says. And increasing numbers of studies are starting to link a higher body burden of pesticides (from a ll sources) with Parkinsons disease. The solutionBuy organic apples or apples from a farmer that you trust

History of Halloween Essay Example for Free

History of Halloween EssayClose to $7 billion dollars is what consumers spent on Halloween costumes, provokedy, and decorations in 2011. When the temperature starts to drop, the leaves turn different colors and the sun sets earlier detailed by little each day, fall is the perfect season to celebrate Halloween. Millions of children dress up and go to strangers doors begging for candy. Have you ever wondered where this strange and unique tradition originated from? The three most important points of Halloween can be summed up by looking at its origins, how it came to include zany-o-lanterns and bobbing for orchard apple trees, and how it is celebrated today with trick-or-treating and haunted dwellings. Halloween, excessively k directn as wholly Hallows Eve, has originated from the ancient Celtic festival known as Samahin (sow-in) derived from the Old Irish Samuin meaning summers land up. The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the get together Kingdom, and northern France, celebrated the end of the harvest season with the festival of Samhain and celebrated the upcoming new Year on November 1.Used by the ancient pagans, Samhain was a time to take stock of supplies and prepare for winter. October 31 was the day the ancient Gaels believed the boundaries overlapped amidst the worlds of the living and the dead, and the departed souls would come back to life and cause mayhem such as discredited crops and sickness. The Gaels built massive bonfires and summoned the help from gods through animal and possibly human sacrifices to ward of the spirits. It is believed that the fires attracted insects to the area which in turn attracted bats. These are additional features of the history of Halloween. Halloween is also purview to be influenced by the Christian saintly days of All Saints Day, also known as Hallowmas, and All Souls Day falling on November 1 and 2. It was a time for honoring the saints and praying for the deceased who h ad yet to reach heaven.Traditionally it was believed that the departed souls roamed the earth until All Saints Day, and Hallows Eve delivered one last chance before moving on to the close world, to gain penalize on their enemies. Christians woulddisguise themselves in costumes and masks to avoid being recognized by the wandering souls.Trick or treating is the practice of dressing up in costumes and going door to door begging for candy and resembles the former(a) medieval practice of souling when the poor would proceed door to door on Hallowmas receiving food, or soul cakes which were pastries, and in return would pray for their dead relatives souls. It was believed at the time the souls of the departed would wait for passage into heaven until sufficiency people prayed for their souls. Soul cakes would be given in exchange for a song, performance, or an new(prenominal) affiliate of trick in some cultures. in timetually, children embraced this practice and were given money, food, and ale.Jack o lanterns are a Halloween staple fibre today, with at least two historical roots. The first is the pagan Celtic people carved turnips and rutabagas to taste hot coal from the bonfire to light their homes and ward off the evil spirits.Another folklore tale gives jack o lanterns their name. An Irish myth portrays a trickster and a drunk known as tightfisted Jack, who asked the friction match to have a drink with him. Jack persuaded the devil to change himself into a coin so he could pay for his drink, yet instead he put the coin in his wallet next to a silver cross, trapping the devil and preventing him to change himself back. Jack said he would free the devil if he did not bother him for another year. The following year Jack tricks the devil into climbing an apple tree for a piece of fruit. He then carved a cross in the shin of the tree preventing the devil from climbing down. In order to get down from the tree, the devil promised Jack he would not seek his soul an y much. Because of his swindling and drunken bearings, when Jack died he was not allowed into heaven. He also was not allowed into Hell because the devil kept his word.Taking pity on Jack, the devil gave him an ember to light his way in the dark, putting it into a hollowed out turnip for Jack to carry on his lonely, everlasting roamings most the Earth. People from Ireland and Scotlandwould make Jack o lanterns during this season to scare away Stingy Jack and other evil spirits wandering about.Over the next several centuries, superstitions about witches and black cats were added to the folklore and legends of Halloween. Cats were thought of as evil, especially black cats, and were killed by the thousands in Medieval times, possibly contri justing to the Black Plague, due to the shortage of the rats natural enemy, the cat. During this time, the church created the belief that evil witches existed.Apples, which are a seasonal fruit, and the symbol of the Roman goddess Pomona, were th ought at the time to retain qualities of knowledge, resurrection, and immorality. Bobbing for apples was thought to predict the future on the iniquity of Samhain. (sow-in)Halloween eventually do its way over the Atlantic in the second half of the nineteenth century when America became swamp with new immigrants. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that ultimately became todays trick-or-treat tradition.The 20th century saw an growth of Halloween as a genuinely North American holiday and one that was becoming an advantage for shopkeepers and manufactures. Costuming became general for Halloween parties for children and adults as well. The first mass-produced Halloween costumes appeared in stores in the 1930s when trick-or-treating was becoming popular in the United States. Halloween costumes are traditionally modeled after supernatural figures such as monsters, ghosts, skeletons , witches, and devils. Over time, the costume woof extended to include popular characters from fiction, celebrities, and generic prototypes such as ninjas and princesses.Haunted attractions are entertainment venues knowing to thrill and scare patrons. Most attractions are seasonal Halloween businesses. Origins of these paid scare venues are difficult to pinpoint, but it is generallyaccepted that they were first commonly used by the Junior Chamber International (Jaycees), who are a non-political youth service organization between the ages of 18 to 40, for rompdraising. They include haunted houses, corn mazes, and hayrides, and the take aim of sophistication of the effects has risen as the industry has grown. Haunted attractions in the United States bring in an estimate $300-500 million each year, and draw some 400,000 customers. This maturing and growth within the industry has led to more technically-advanced special effects and costuming, comparable with that of Hollywood films. Halloween is currently the second most important party night in North America, and in terms of its retail potential, it is second to Christmas.Personally, Halloween is one of my favorite days of the year. Even as an adult, to dress up and be someone or something else for the night can be fun and exciting. To escape reality into a fantasy-like world where goblins mingle with princesses is definitely a strange site to see, but is well worth the money and time devoted to one of the spookiest nights of the year. So whether you celebrate Halloween or not, you now have an idea of how Halloween originated, how it came to include bobbing for apples and jack-o-lanterns, and how we celebrate it today with haunted houses and trick-or treating.The sources I cited for this information are fromwww.cnbc.comwww.halloweenhistory.orgwww.wikipedia.orgwww.history.com

The Hound Of The Baskervilles Essay Example for Free

The weenie Of The Baskervilles EssayMr and Miss Stapleton claim to be brother and sister and as they live in Merripit House. These argon some of the prime suspects as they lived right bedeard Sir Charles- or now sir atomic number 1. At first they come along pleasant folk although when Watson first meets them Mr Stapleton becomes distracted at one point and Miss Stapleton thinking Watson is Sir Henry Baskerville warns him at there first introduction. Go back Go straight back to London right off This obviously makes Watson of both of them. Even though Holmes knew all along Watson only found out near the end when Holmes told him that Mr and Miss Stapleton werent brother and sister they were married, but Watson must have got the impression before founder because Sir Henry in the end fell in love with Miss Stapleton but every magazine they went to meet etc Mr Stapleton was always there. As we know Mr Stapleton killed Sir Charles with his hound and he nearly got away with it if i t werent for Watson and Sherlock Holmes.throughout this Miss Stapleton was helpless because when she was going to try and stop the killing of Sir Henry, Mr Stapleton tied her up so she was totally helpless. This creates suspense throughout the novel, as no one knows if they really are what they say they are. Mr and Mrs Barrymore were suspects in this as they were Sir Charles servants and Watson found out while he was staying with Sir Henry that Barrymore went to a room every few nights and gave a signal.In the end they followed Mr Barrymore and found out that the escaped convict on the moor was Mrs Barrymores brother and they were signalling to him so they could go out and give him food. Eventually the hound killed Seldon as he was mistaken for Sir Henry as he was wearing some of his old c dopehes Mrs Barrymore had given him. Mrs Laura Lyons father is Mr frankland but because she married without his hold he wouldnt have anything to do with her. Sir Charles and her were very close he helped Laura and lent her money.Laura fell in love with Mr Stapleton though as she thought he wasnt married, he tricked her into saying to sir Charles to meet her at 10 oclock or else Mr Stapleton went there with the hound and Sir Charles died. A few clues were Sherlock Holmes and Watson got all this information from is from a missing blush which was used by Mr Stapleton to find Sir Henry on the moor because it had his scent, Talking to Miss Laura Lyons a lot and obviously there general Knowledge. In conclusion to Conan Doyles- Hound of the Baskervilles I think it was a devout book with lots of ups and downs and a whole load of suspense and Dramatic Tension.

Failure In Small Business Essay Example for Free

Failure In Sm all told telephone line sector EssayIt is actually a fact that only ab turn up 53% of small notees ar not able to keep on trading after three years after their preliminary set(p) up. Some of the line of reasoninges fail within their first year of operation. There are so many creators why this tends to happen. However, disdain failure does not only happen with the new line of merchandisees but it also happen to those cablees which earn been in operation for quite some time regardless of how successful they tend to be. Even if personal line of credit concern failure happens to all sizes of chorees, the small melodic linees are very much affected by larger threats for the reason that they do not have the support of additional money as well as resources that the greathearted companies have. Business failure does not only come slightly through with(predicate) the problems experienced in your give birth company, they tooshie as well be achieved as a su bsidiary effect from dealings make by other businesses, clients and suppliers. It is very necessary for one to identify the premature signs of business failure in shape to solve the problem before it is too late (Dwight, 1993).Finally, the business failure comes about when the business has gone beyond a point where it can not continue operating in business any long without encountering supplementary troubles. These troubles might not offer any feasible solutions and for one to go ahead in trading, he or she has to put him or her self in even deeper problems. When the business has reached this point, it is very important for one to acknowledge the business failure early or else he or she go away face increased financial as well as legal troubles when trying to preserve his or her business or he can even go further and put his business to rest.There so many causes of business failure. So many businesses fail because several managers do not incorporate accounting as well as account ing practices to a practical level in their business. Despite the fact that they dont posses all the accounting knowledge, they really suffer from the lack of financial control together with the problems concerning the cash flow which leads to business failure. If one has a weak accountancy expertise, he is likely to employ a very knowledgeable bookkeeper to manage the financial records on a unconstipated basis.It is very important for one to have somebody who can comprehend the monetary accounts plus the focusing accounts. Before starting up the business one is supposed to find some time to attend the financial management skills (Claire, 1998). Lack of inventorys is also another cause of business failure. If one finds out that he does not have enough capital to start up the business, he is supposed to bet until the time when he has saved enough money he needs before starting up a business.If one risks and starts up a business without enough capital then the fellow is bound(p) for business failure. Lack of funds usually leads to too much borrowing and as a result, the business becomes insolvent for the reason that the liabilities becomes too high than the assets. Bankruptcy is a very common result as in it has a cycle of poor management. Lack of funds can also come through competition. As much as the business is offering competitive prices, the business will end up making little profit margin hence it will be too difficult to fund other areas within the business.High be of finance is another cause of business failure because it can be so disastrous as soaring interest rates as well as unfavorable compensation schedules are so much ignored due to the difficulty of financing the business (John, 1994). As a matter of fact, it is very necessary for one to manage his or her finance with a very keen concern towards interest as well as repayment schedules in order to avoid the business becoming insolvent in the early moments. The collection of data is rather a frustrating process. One needs to persuade the potential data providers to take part.One has to convince them about the value of the information to the business. I provided the incentives for sources to participate such as the clean copy of the eventual database of the relation back data to the rest of the database. Eventually I drew a data table in the business notebook to help during the collection of data. A data table ensured that the business is consistent in record data and it makes it easier to analyze the results of the business. The techniques which were used during the collection of data are data mining techniques.I select from large amounts of data and picked out the information because it is the analytic process which is desired to discover data (Claire, 1998). It is judge that all the business persons must have a clear understanding of the failure points in future. other outcome is that all the business persons must stay in business successfully by not selling che ap products or service. He is not intending to impress the customers but all business persons are supposed to make people feel that they are not getting ripped off. In future all business persons must detect to begin businesses with enough capital.The business person must always learn to hire more staff when there is too much work to be done. They are not supposed to get behind on the work or else the clients will not feel happy. The business is intending to get sufficient operating funds. The business will require the costs of starting and the costs of staying the business in operation. Enough funds are needed in order to cover all the costs until sales can finally pay for these costs. However, all the funds will be borrowed from the bank which will be repayable after the business picks up.References Claire, W. (1998). Risky Business The Personal and Financial Costs of nonaged Business Failure. California Policy Studies Institute. Dwight, R. (1993). Failure and Progress. unsande d Mexico Cato Institute. John, L. (1984). Success and Failure in Small Business. New York Gower Publishing Company. John, H. (1991). Measurement of Success and Failure in Small Business. Washington Curtin University of Technology. John, E. (1963). Small Business unbalance and Failure. Alabama Bureau of Business Research.

Failure vs Success Essay Example for Free

Failure vs Success shew

Quest for Meaning in Hostile and Oppressive Worlds Essay Example for Free

Quest for Meaning in Hostile and Oppressive Worlds EssayDystopian literature much records the individuals quest for heart in hostile and oppressive foundings. To what extent do the writers bounty their lifters as victorious in this quest in 1984 by George Orwell, The ballad of teaching Gaol by Oscar Wilde and Wo humanity at Point Zero by Nawal El Saadawi?The assertion that all three writers redeem their acquaintance as having a quest for gist in a dystopian area can non be disputed. How ever, the extent to which these writers present their relay station as successful in this quest varies greatly. Dystopian literature is and an extension of the negative attri onlyes of the bon ton and context in which it is written. George Orwells dystopian world is a hair-raising conception of a Britain that has adopted the very worst traits of totalitarian politicss such as Nazi Germany and state-controlled Russia regimes which were at their height of force out when the fre sh was written.Robert Evans defines dystopian literature asa warning to the reader that something must and, by implication, can be done in the present to avoid the future, This didactic r terminuse scream of 1984 suggests that Orwells dystopian novel is a warning to the British public against excessive government interpellation in their everyday lives. Dystopian literature thus warns the reader of the potential future of their ordering if they split up to protect their current liberty. El Saadawis Woman at point Zero and Wildes The Ballad of Reading Gaol are slightly different from 1984 in this respect as their dystopian worlds are based on real- brio experiences.However, they remain didactic in nature by condemning existing oppression. El Saadawis semi-fictionalised account of a woman on expiry row is an artistic interpretation of cosmos for women in modern-day Egypt. The world remains dystopian in nature due to the oppression of women by men. Likewise, Wildes poetic portr ayal of Reading Gaol is based on his voicel experiences of imprisonment in this dystopian environment. The oppressive nature of the gaol is depicted by the dual-protagonist of the grapheme and the condemned guardsman. The extent to which the protagonists are successful in their quest for gist is dependent on their superpower to maintain freedom of thought and disagree the oppressive nature such dystopian societies.All three writers present pietism as an underlying part of their protagonists quest for meaning in dystopian worlds. Wildes anatomical structure suggests that the prototype undergoes a religious conversion as the ballad progresses and so successfully finds meaning done religion. However, Wilde as well as highlights the hypocrisy of the church building of England by the actions of the chaplain. Wildes persona therefore finds meaning done the underlying teachings of Christianity through Catholicism. Similarly, El Saadawi presents her protagonist Firdaus as a wi tness to the religious hypocrisy of men in her Muslim society. Un manage Wildes persona however, El Saadawis protagonist is not able to look ultimo this hypocrisy and find meaning in the underlying pass alongs of the Islamic faith. Like El Saadawi, Orwell presents his protagonist Winston as unsuccessful in his quest to find meaning through the pseudo-religion of Big Brother.However, Orwells protagonist does successfully find meaning through his memories of Christianity before the revolution. In the early half of the ballad, Wilde refers to himself and the other prisoners as The beats Own Brigade he believes that they are all condemned to hell simply for existence criminals. Wilde uses mephistophelian imagery to suggest that the prison itself is hell on earth. I walked, with other souls in pain,/ Within another(prenominal) ring, These two lines are a reference to the hell presented in Dantes Inferno, a hell with clubhouse separate rings located at the centre of the earth, each ring a penalisation for worsen sins. Similarly, Wilde locates his hell on earth through the prison itself. However, Wilde later rejects Dantes gradation of sins by all identifying himself with the guardsman. A prison fence in was round us both, / Two castaway men we were The prison wall has become the single ring of hell which all sinners go away go to.Dantes influence on Wilde is also clear from the structure of the ballad as in both poems, there is a melodramatic movement toward intensity of horror. Dantes inferno builds up to the horror of the inner most hardening of hell where the devil is to be found whilst Wildes ballad climaxes in the guardsmans execution. It is clear however, that towards the end of the ballad, the persona has experienced a religious conversion to Catholicism. He now believes that through repentance, God will forgive the guardsman for his sins. Wilde utilises the colours red and white to symbolise sin and for stipulationess respectively, Out of his mouth a red, red rose Out of his heart a white These two lines present the personas belief that if the guardsman has confessed his sins to God before death, thus he will be forgiven.Wildes use of regardd imagery suggests that through forgiveness, there can now be new brio in heaven. The personas conversion is clearly inspired by Wildes own time spent in Reading Gaol, where he was imprisoned after being found guilty of having a homosexual alliance with Lord Alfred Douglas. Wilde converted to Catholicism after leaving prison and unsuccessfully attempted to join a monastic order. Andrew McCracken suggests that converting to Catholicism continued Wildes life of eccentricity because, Roman Catholicism was to poetic souls a port of aesthetic temptation, while to many proper Englishmen the Roman Church was still the whore of Babylon, the Anti-Christ.However, McCracken also suggests that this was not Wildes main motivation in converting to Catholicism because his time in prison brough t Wilde cause to face with the Catholic themes of sin and suffering. Now they were purged of any tinge of romanticism they were facts of daily life. This idea that Wilde is attracted more by the themes of the Catholic faith than by the hierarchical structure of either the Catholic Church or the Church of England, is support in the ballad by the way in which Wilde highlights the religious hypocrisy of the prison chaplain through the personas graduation person narration. Indeed, it may be the experience of an Anglican chaplain in Reading Gaol that led him towards Catholicism. The Chaplain would not kneel to supplicateBy his dishonoured graveNor mark it with that blessed clickThat Christ for sinners gave,Wildes scriptural imagery of the blessed Cross highlights how the chaplain fails to go for the fundamental beliefs of the Christian tradition. The chaplain refuses to pray for the executed guardsman withal though Jesus died specifically for sinners, so that they might repent a nd discombobulate timeless life. Thus in this sestet Wilde condemns the chaplains hypocrisy. The protagonist of the ballad successfully finds meaning in his dystopian world through the underlying themes of the Catholic faith provided does not find meaning in the religious authority of the Church of England, personified by the prison chaplain. Similarly, El Saadawis protagonist Firdaus recognises the hypocrisy of those who practice the Islamic faith in her society but is unsuccessful in her quest to find meaning through religion because of this hypocrisy.Firdaus recognises religious hypocrisy among men of all social groups in Egyptian society. She first gather ups it as a child in the actions of her peasant begetter who knew how to beat his wife and make her asperity the dust each night. in spite of his discussions with other men that defaming the honour of a woman was a sin and beating another human being was a sin It is clear therefore that her father breaks the commandments of the imam and beats his wife even though he knows it is a sinful action. Likewise, her uncle, a middle-class man, also beats his wife. The religious hypocrisy in Egyptian society is so deeply engrained, that even her uncles wife accepts being beaten and does not see it as conflicting with the Islamic faith, She replied that it was only men well versed in their religion who beat their wives.The precepts of religion permitted such punishment. The use of the playscript punishment suggests that women in this society feel that it is justified that they are beaten and that domestic violence cannot be criticised as simply abuse and random cruelty. Finally, Firdaus recognises religious hypocrisy amongst the male leaders of Egyptian society who use Islam as a way of persuading their people that they are respectable and morally sound. Looking at a newspaper picture of such a ruler at Friday morning prayers Firdaus states that, I could see he was trying to deceive Allah in the same way a s he deceived the people.Firdaus rejection of religion mirrors Saadawis own views of religion and holy books that they have atomic to do with morality. The Old Testament, the New Testament or the Quran, are, for her, political books. They speak about war, invasion of other peoples countries, of inheritance, of money, this, as a focus, for Nawal, has little to do with justice, morality, or spirituality. A didactic practice of the novel may be that El Saadawi exposes her criticisms of religion and the double standards of men when it comes to the Islamic faith. It is this deeply engrained religious hypocrisy practiced throughout her dystopian world that contributes to the futile nature of Firdaus search to find meaning in the Islamic religion of her society.Likewise, Orwells protagonist Winston is unsuccessful in determination meaning through the pseudo-religion of Big Brother. The idea of Big Brother being apseudo-religion is supported by Karl Marxs view that religion is the opium of the people . This sociological learning suggests that, like a drug, the comforting figure of Big Brother oppresses the people by distracting them from their dismal reality. Whats more, the wise third-person narration used by Orwell throughout reflects the God-like status of Big Brother as an all-knowing and almighty force. Orwells protagonist does not find meaning in this pseudo-religion however because Winston views Big Brother as the personification of an oppressive regime, rather than as a comforter.This is demonstrated in the 2-minutes hate because Winstons abhorrence was not turned against Goldstein at all, but against Big Brother, the political party and the Thought Police Having said this, Orwell presents his protagonist as successful in finding meaning through his memories of religion before the Ingsoc revolution. Mr Charringtons poesy about old London churches fascinates Orwells protagonist because when you said it to yourself you had the illusion of actually heari ng bells, the bells of a lost London that still existed somewhere or other, disguised and forgotten.One reading of Orwells protagonists obsession is that the rhyme brings back vague memories of church bells, and thus of Christianity and a more pleasing and empathetic set of beliefs than that of Big Brother. Another way in which the writers present their protagonists as successful in their quest for meaning in dystopian worlds is through the freedom that comes with death. Death is a form of freedom in a dystopian world because the protagonist is released from the oppression of their environment, society or political regime. The guardsman in Oscar Wildes The Ballad of Reading Gaol successfully finds meaning and freedom in death. His soul was resolute, and heldNo hiding-place for venerateHe often said that he was gladThe hangmans hands were near.The guardsman has accepted death and does not fear it. The protagonist is glad that death is coming because it means an escape from the mono tony of day-to-day prison life and from the relentless surveillance of the warders. Wildes use of the word resolute to describe the guardsmans soul suggests that the guardsman has repented his sins and therefore his soul will be saved when he dies. Wilde thus juxtaposes the dystopian and hell-like world that the murderer is leaving with the utopia of heaven where the man will go to once he has died. This eschatological reading gives added gravitas to the ultimate freedom that the guardsman will experience in death. In his letter to Lord Alfred Douglas, De Profundis, Wilde describes how on earth he has found not merely the beauty of Heaven, but the horror of Hell, also , living the idea that the condemned man, through death, is escaping a hell-like existence in prison.Similarly, El Saadawis protagonist Firdaus also successfully finds meaning through the freedom of death. Like the guardsman, Firdaus is sentenced to death for the crime of murder. However, she is not repentant for th is crime but is proud of her actions. The act of killing her pimp, Marzouk, is her final mastery over the oppression she has felt her entire life by different men in her society. She realises that she has always been afraid of her oppressor and that, The movement of my hand upwards and then downwards destroyed my fear.Thus Firdaus is proud of her punishment as an outward sign of her inner victory over her dystopian world. She embraces death like a martyr for the cause of en buckle downd and oppressed women. This journey to an noncitizen destination, to a place unknown to all those who live on this earth, be they king or prince, or ruler, fills me with pride. Like Wildes condemned man, El Saadawi presents the idea that through death her protagonist will enter a utopian world or an unknown destination where she is no longer oppressed by the society of the dystopian world she lived in.In contrast to these two protagonists, Orwell presents his protagonist Winston as unsuccessful in fi nding freedom through death. As a result of the brainwashing process he undergoes in the Ministry of Love, Winston really erotic loves Big Brother and the Party. Unlike Firdaus, Winston does not die as a martyr for his cause. Instead, he is alone converted before he is killed. His betrayal of Julia is a dismissal of his greatest rebellion against the Party harming another person. He knowingly puts himself before Julia and wishes that she should endure his torture in his place because he had perfectly understood that in the whole world there was just one person to whom he could broadcast his punishment one body that he could thrust amid himself and the rats.This psychological shift means that when Winston is killed by the Party, he truly loves Big Brother, the personification of a political regime not interested in the good of others interested solely in power. Through the nature of his death, Orwell shows that Winston has lost this moral struggle and that the ships company have succeeded in oppressing him mentally, as well as somatogenicly. Typical of Orwells literary style, Winston paradoxically believes He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother. Winston does not, therefore, die free. In truth, Winstons reintegration into the Ingsoc regime and the annihilation of Winstons difference is the restoration of the pure positivity of Big Brother. This Marxist reading stresses how the power of a totalitarian state rests on the destruction of any individuals who might rise up against it. The structure of 1984 finishes with Winstons proclamation of love for Big Brother and thus highlights the cruel infallibility of the Ingsoc regime.All three writers present love and human relationships with others as crucial to their protagonists search for meaning. In Wildes ballad, the sense of comradeship amongst prisoners that Wilde conveys, suggests that the persona of the ballad finds meaning in the shared nature of the prisoners dystopia.We tore the t arry ropes to shreadsWith blunt and discharge nailsWe rubbed the doors, and scrubbed the floors,And cleaned the shining rails.The repetition of the pronoun we emphasises the collective nature of the hard labour the men carry out, and how the persona of the ballad feels part of a team of men, going through the same painful and monotonous tasks together. The prescribed six-line stanza used throughout the ballad with alternate lines of iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter reflects the relentless monotony of the painful physical labour of prison life. This relentless monotony is reinforced by the regular ABCBDB rhyming scheme throughout. The idea of comradeship through collective monotony is built upon further when the persona empathises cutly with the condemned man and enters his ring of hell, showing that they are both sinners, A prison wall was round us both,/ Two outcast men we were Later in the ballad, the night before the guardsmans execution, all the prisoners pray for the co ndemned mans soul as the warders, wondered why men knelt to pray/ Who never prayed before.This action shows a sense of solidarity between the men as well as a Christian conscience they truly believe that the condemned man is capable of salvation. As Carol Rumens comments, the central charge of the Ballad is philanthropy, sympathy with the condemned man and his fellow inmates. , it is this sympathy that allows Wilde to evoke collective feelings. This emotive reading suggests that as well as giving the personas life meaning, feelings of comradeship and sympathy for fellow prisoners were a significant catalyst for Wildes consequent transport for penal reform. The ballad itself was published to highlight the injustice of the British penal system and conveys this didactic message throughout.Similarly, Orwells protagonist Winston successfully finds meaning through his relationships with others. Winstons loving and sexual relationship with Julia is the complete antithesis of what the Par ty stands for because amongst women, Chastity was as deeply ingrained in them as Party loyalty. The Partys enforcement of chastity from a young age has a military function as sexual mendicancy induced hysteria, which was desirable because it could be transformed into war-fever and leader-worship. Winstons relationship with Julia starts simply because Winston wishes to rebel against the oppressive regime, he describes their first sexual encounter as a battle, the climax a victory. It was a blow laid low(p) against the Party. It was a political act. However, Winston soon falls in love with Julia and finds a deeper meaning for living in his dystopian world.The fact that She gave the tips of his fingers a quick squeeze that seemed to invite not desire but affection. suggests that their relationship has become more than just sexual desire for one another. The isolation of the individual within the Ingsoc regime removes the opportunity or inclination for such loving relationships. This isolation is shown through Winstons account of Katherines white body, frozen for ever by the hypnotic power of the Party. The use of the word frozen suggests that the Party members are emotionally deadened by the chastity conventions they conform to under Ingsoc. Winston rebels from this emotional death when he successfully falls in love with Julia. Looking at Orwells wartime diaries, it is clear he feared that the atrocities which civilians witnessed during the Blitz, and the newspapers reports of RAF attacks on Germany, would cause the British public to loose the ability to feel emotion.In July 1942, Orwell wrote, I remember axiom to someone during the blitz, when the R.A.F. were hitting back as best they could, In a years time youll see the headlines in the Daily Express Successful Raid on Berlin Orphanage. Babies Set on Fire. It hasnt come to that yet, but that is the direction we are going in. This historical reading of the dystopian novel suggests that Orwell has extended hi s contemporary fear to create a society of emotionless party members. Orwells protagonist notices how society has lost the ability to feel emotion because of his memories of relationships before the Ingsoc revolution. Orwell thus presents the past as a time when people had the freedom to feel emotion for one another and his protagonist Winston as successful in finding meaning through his memories of love before Ingsoc.Orwell suggests that the Ingsoc regime has removed the ability of individuals to feel unconditional love as the concept of tragedy, belonged to the ancient time when the members of a family stood by one another without needing to know the reason. This is supported by the fact that Winston perceives the death of his own mother many years previously as, tragic and tearful in a way that was no longer possible. The emotional death and inability of party members to love unconditionally is brought about by the enforcement of chastity and isolation of the individual, both o f which break down the family unit in Oceania.In contrast, El Saadawis protagonist Firdaus is unsuccessful in finding meaning through her relationships. Her scattered and disjointed memories of her parents suggest that they were not a loving and supportive influence. When describing her childhood in a first person narrative, Firdaus questions, Who was I? Who was my father?. Her uncle is ultimately a poor guardian as he allows her to unite a much older man and refuses to send her to university because he does not believe that she should learn on board men. A respected Sheikh and man of religion like myself sending his niece off to mix in the company of men? Firdaus life continues in a pattern where every man she becomes close to mistreats her and so she is unsuccessful in finding meaning through love. The repetitive nature of Firdaus misfortune in the novel reflects the Arabic oral tradition. Her hatred of men stems from her financial dependence upon them, which enslaves her.Before killing Marzouk she describes how she hated him as only a woman can hate a man, as only a slave can hate his master. This hatred of men reaches a climax when she tears up the money given to her by the Arab prince as a rejection of this dependence. It was as though I was destroying all the money I had ever held and at the same time destroying all the men I had ever known my uncle, my husband, my father, Marzouk and Bayoumi, Diaa, Ibrahim, This rejection supports the idea that El Saadawi sheds new light on the power of women in resistance against poverty, racism, fundamentalism, and inequality of all kinds. This feminist reading suggests that El Saadawis rejection of male financial support advocates the strength and equality of women.To conclude, Orwell and El Saadawi appear to have created protagonists that are completely juxtaposed in their success at finding meaning in dystopian worlds. Winston successfully finds meaning throughout his life and is able to resist the oppression o f the Ingsoc regime psychologically through his loving relationship with Julia and memories of relationships and religion before the revolution. However, he is unable to maintain freedom of thought in death and ends his life devoted to Big Brother.Contrastingly, El Saadawis protagonist Firdaus fails to find any irresponsible meaning in life due to the treatment she endures from men and the religious hypocrisy practiced by many in her society. El Saadawi does, however, present Firdaus as finding meaning in her death the punishment is an acknowledgement of her triumph over male domination. Wildes dual-protagonist is the most successful at finding meaning in a dystopian world, as the persona of the ballad successfully finds meaning in life through comradeship and Catholic values, whilst the condemned guardsman successfully finds meaning through his acceptance of death and belief in a utopian world in heaven.