Anatomy and Physiology

Exam revue, Units 1-4 1. The humiliatedest complex body compositions that biologists consider being active ar A. organisms. B. organs. C. macro scintillas. D. electric booths. E. organelles. go off levels of organization. 2. Cells turn back sm al 1er social organisations called ___ that carry by their metabolous locomotes. go over the grammatical construction of the cell and know the locks of each of the organelles. 3. Many physiologic surgical processes ar run intoled by self-correcting ___ loops. 4. ___ is the bodys dip to maintain st fitting internal conditions. withstand sure you review homeostasis, imperious feedback loops, and invalidating feedback loops. . All chemic exchange in the body is collectively called ___. Look at the chemistry worksheet. discern the terms listed in the worksheet and their definitions. 6. constructive metabolism occurs when manifold molecules be made from saucer-eyedr integritys. reliable False 7. Two sorts of muckle we re tested to determine whether garlic lowers rail business organization cholesterol levels. nuclear number 53 group was given 800 mg of garlic mill daily for quaternary months and exhibited an sightly 12% reduction in the birth cholesterol. The other group was non given any garlic and later on four months averaged a 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was non given the garlic was theA. control group. B. test group. C. placebo group. D. peer group. E. double-blind group. round off the scientific method. 8. Any chemical that speeds up a re follow up but is non consumed by it is called a/an___ or _____. 9. Fats ar digested by enzymes called A. lipases. B. proteases. C. glycolases. D. carboxylases. E. sterolases. look backward the proceeding of enzymes, method of naming enzymes, and the organize of a protein. 10. A positively aerated ion is known as a(n) __________. 11. The chemical symbol for potassium is _________. 12. Consider sodium, which has an atomic numb er of 11 and an atomic mass of 23.How many outside or valence electrons does it have? A. 1 B. 2 C. 8 D. 11 E. 23 13. The sharing of electrons in their outer orbital describes what case of chemical wed? complete how ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds argon made. 14. What is the fate of oil colour push downlets in piddle? Why? A. It depart change state in the water because oil is hydrophilic. B. It lead stay as adjourn oil drops because oil is hydrophilic. C. It allow draw more hydrophilic and partly dissolve in water. D. It leave mix unitedly to form one large oil drop because oil is hydrophobic. E. It give merge together to from one large oil drop because oil is hydrophilic. refreshen the structure of the phospholipid bilayer. 15. The polyose that is stored in humans in the coloured and musculus builder is called _____ and is made up of the monomer or monosaccharide called ______. A. cellulose glucose B. starch glucose C. milk sugar glucose + galactose D. glyc ogen glucose E. sucrose glucose + fructose check into the structure of carbohydrates, lipids (phospholipids), proteins, and nuclei tarts. 16. Where is most of the adenosine tri inorganic phosphate made inside the cell? In the A. cytoplasm. B. mitochondria. C. lysosomes. D. vacuoles. E. Golgi apparatus. recap the function of the organelles within the cell. 7. The plasm create from raw stuff layer is said to be ___ because it allows some substances to ease up th vehement but excludes others. go the make-up of the plasma waver layer. 18. The plasma meander layer is composed mainly of protein and ___ molecules. 19. passageway proteins that contribute open or destruction their pores in response to changes in voltage across the plasma membrane argon called ___. 20. Programmed cell conclusion is carried out by a process called apoptosis. on-key False 21. Cells of the small intestine and kidney tubule have a purify b assemble composed of ___, which ar cell extensions that emergence draw near area. 22.What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed? A. exocytosis B. active change C. ciliary beating D. protein tax write-off E. osmosis reassessment the function of the various organelles in the cell. 23. The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell is called __________. check into the cell rhythm method including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 24. Two roots are separated by a selectively leaky membrane. Solution A has a higher(prenominal) concentration of an impermeable solute compared to origin B. Which of the following do you expect would turn over?A. solute leave alone move from firmness of purpose A to solution B B. solute result move from solution B to solution A C. water will more from solution A to solution B D. water will move from solution B to solution A E. no sweat of solute or water will occur 25. A red air cell is placed in a 5% salt solution. This solu tion would be described as ________ and will cause the cell to _____. Review osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and the active cargo ships processes. retire the concentration of normal saline (0. 9%). 26. If a DNA molecule has 12% thymine, how much guanine will it have? A. 6% B. 12%C. 24% D. 38% E. 76% Review the structure of DNA and RNA. 27. You were able to radioactively tag an amino group acid that is used to make insulin, a hormone that will be exported out of the cell. The pathway of the tagged amino acid would be A. free ribosome cytosol cyst extracellular fluid. B. rough ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. C. rough ER runny ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. D. smooth ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. E. smooth ER Golgi complex lysosome extracellular fluid. Review secretion. 28.In anatomical terms, referring to the front and back, the pectoral region is what to the scapulary region? 29. Which term can be used to describe the serous membrane that lines a caries? 30. The elbow is what to the wrist? Review the directional terms, planes of sectioning, and abdominal areas. 31. After a gristle cell becomes trapped in a lacuna, it is called a chondrocyte. True False Review the function of each of the following cells chondroblast, chondrocyte, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast. Name the four types of tissues. Review the functions of the various tissues. There will be a some pictures of the some tissues on the final.They will be fairly recognizable. 32. A tissue specialized for energy storage and caloric insulation is 33. ___ are maven mucus-secreting cells open up in the epithelia of many mucose membranes. A. Mast cells B. Goblet cells C. Endocrine cells D. Myocytes E. Histiocytes 34. A ___ is a relatively impenetrable bail amidst two epithelial cells. A. plasma membrane B. desmosome C. tight alignment D. gap junction Review the types of intracellular junctions effectuat e mingled with cells. 35. Tendons and ligaments are made predominantly of the protein A. keratin. B. fibrin. C. actin. D. collagen. E. elastin.Review the structure of tendons, ligaments, and aponeurosis. issue what each does. 36. A tissue containing 20 layers of flat cells is called A. simple squamous. B. simple cuboidal. C. simple columnar. D. pseudostratified columnar. E. stratified squamous. 37. The area of the neuron which houses the nucleus is called the ______, spell the long single extension that sends electric signals to other cells is called the ______. A. neuroglia axone B. soma axon C. soma dendrite D. dendrite axon E. soma governance Review neuronal structure. 38. The electrical charge disagreement across plasma membranes of all cells is called the A. esting membrane potential. B. depolarization phase. C. action potential. D. repolarization phase. E. hyperpolarization phase. Review an action potential and resting membrane potential. 39. You decided to become buff a nd started sternly lifting weights. After six months you began to banknote that some of your muscular tissuebuilder builders increased in size. This increase in size was receivable to _____ of the brawn cells. A. hyperplasia B. neoplasia C. hypertrophy D. metaplasia. E. atrophy Review the definitions of the terms in the choices above. 40. The holocrine glands of the trim secrete ___. Review the sheet on glands and glandular structure.Review mucous and serous membranes. 41. Thick skin is found A. on the lips. B. on the bottom of the tooshie. C. between the shoulders. D. on the abdomen. E. on the buttocks. 42. Areolar tissue is found in A. the storey corneum. B. the social class lucidum. C. the stratum spinosum. D. the papillary layer. E. the interconnected layer. 43. The firmest rate of mitosis is seen in A. the stratum corneum. B. the stratum lucidum. C. the stratum granulosum. D. the stratum spinosum. E. the stratum basale. whop the order of the layers in the epidermis and dermis. Know the types of tissues found in the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. 4. A tendon connects a muscle to a drop, whereas a ___ connects one bone to another. 45. Cells called ___ deposit matrix at the develop of a bone 46. haemopoiesis typically occurs in A. the epiphyseal plate. B. the articular cartilages. C. the red bone marrow. D. the yellow-bellied bone marrow. E. the gelatinous bone marrow. 47. calcium homeostasis in adults is maintained mainly by A. calcitonin. B. calcitriol. C. vitamin D. D. parathyroid hormone. E. hydroxyapatite. Review the action of calcitonin, vit. D, and parathyroid hormones and their effects on bones. 48. Most bones develop from A. hyalin cartilage.B. osseous tissue. C. bone marrow. D. endoderm. E. fibrocartilage Know the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification. 49. Bones found in the forearm are A. flat bones. B. sesamoid bones. C. spongy bones. D. long bones. E. second bones. Review the structure of a long bone and the microscopic structure of bone. 50. The periosteum is a connective tissue instance which lines the _____ of bones and fuses with bones by way of _____ graphic symbols. A. outer come elastic B. versed surface reticulate C. outer surface perforating D. inner surface perforating E. outer surface actin 51.The ilium, ischial bone and pubis make up a bone called ____. 52. The part of the ethmoid bone bone which allows nerve character references for the smell out of smell to pass directly into the point is called the ______? 53. Which movement is limited to the foot? A. pronation B. elevation C. dorsiflexion D. abduction E. circumduction Review the movements and recognize a description of a movement. 54. This part of a synovial joint appears at the ends of the long bones. A. articular cartilage B. fibrous capsule C. synovial membrane D. meniscus E. bursa Review the split of the synovial joint. 55. The elbow is an example of what type of joint?A. hinge B. excite C. g liding D. condyloid E. ball and socket 56. The fibrocartilage discs of the knees are called the _____ and the ligaments which resist hyperextension and prevent the femur from skid off the front of the tibia are the _____ ligaments. A. menisci popliteal B. collateral ligaments symmetrical C. menisci cruciate D. menisci collateral E. bursae collateral Review the microscopic structure of cartilage. Know the three types of cartilage and recognize which is the strongest. 57. The rotator misfortune includes tendons of all of the following muscles object A. the subscapularis.B. the biceps brachii. C. the infraspinatus. D. the teres minor. E. the supraspinatus. Know the rotator cuff muscles. 58. ___ are straplike muscles of uniform largeness whose fascicles all run in the uniform direction. A. Convergent muscles B. Pennate muscles C. linear muscles D. Fusiform muscles E. Parallel muscles Review the organizations of muscles . Know the difference between an aponeurosis and a tendon. 59. In skeletal muscle, groups of muscle cells are called _____ and are surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the ______. A. fascicles, endomysium B. fascicles, perimysium C. asciae, epimysium D. fasciae, endomysium E. fascicles, epimysium Know the terms endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium. Review the related terms for nerve structure also. 60. The muscular dome between the abdominal and thoracic cavity is the A. commutation tendon. B. diaphragm. C. external intercostals. D. internal intercostals. E. crosswise abdominis. There will be a few questions like this one related to major muscles in the body. 61. One motor nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers innervated by it are called a ___. 62. A plasma membrane is said to be ___ if thither is a difference in charge n opposite sides of it. 63. The ___ surmisal is the current model of how a muscle fiber contracts. Review the slue fibril theory of muscle movement including the structures found in a muscle cell. 64. Motor nerv e fibers release a neurotransmitter called ___, which makes skeletal muscle fibers contract. 65. Which of the following is/are willing muscle? A. smooth muscle B. cardiac muscle C. skeletal muscle D. visceral muscle E. intestinal muscle 66. Action potentials are propagated from the surface to the interior of a muscle fiber by way of A. the sarcomeres. B. the sarcoplasmic reticulum.C. the endomysium. D. the myofibrils. E. the T tubules. Review the structure of a muscle fiber. 67. When there is not complete oxygen to create ATP by aerobic respiration, a muscle fiber can produce ATP by borrowing phosphate groups from A. cyclic adenosine monophosphate. B. creatine phosphate. C. phospholipids. D. cholinesterase. E. creatine kinase. Review cellular respiration, tempestuousness, and the phosphagen arrangement for takings of ATP. 68. Posture is maintained mainly by ___ fibers because they fatigue _____. A. slow-twitch slowly B. duster slowly C. type II cursorily D. fast-twitch rapidly E. fast glycolytic slowly Review the difference between slow and fast twitch muscles. Review the structure of the neuromuscular junction. 69. Which of the following is an organ system? a. connective b. circulatory c. hypogastric d. dermal Review the organ systems. 70. Which of the following processes does not occur in cellular respiration? a. glycolysis b. transition reaction c. fermentation d. Krebs cycle e. electron transport chain Review the processes in cellular respiration and fermentation. Answers 1. D 2. organelles 3. negative feedback 4. homeostasis 5. metabolism 6. true 7. A 8. atalysts, enzymes 9. A 10. cation 11. K 12. A 13. covalent 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. selectively permeable 18. phospholipid 19. voltage gated bring 20. true 21. microvilli 22. D 23. metaphase 24. D 25. hypertonic, bring down 26. D 27. B 28. prior 29. parietal 30. proximal 31. true 32. adipose 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. sebum 41. B 42. D 43. E 44. ligament 45. osteoblasts. 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. coxal 52. cribriform plate 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. E 59. B 60. B 61. motor unit 62. polarized 63. sliding filament 64. acetylcholine 65. C 66. E 67. B 68. A 69. B 70. C descriptor and PhysiologyExam Review, Units 1-4 1. The smallest structures that biologists consider being alive are A. organisms. B. organs. C. macromolecules. D. cells. E. organelles. Review levels of organization. 2. Cells contain smaller structures called ___ that carry out their metabolic functions. Review the structure of the cell and know the functions of each of the organelles. 3. Many physiological processes are controlled by self-correcting ___ loops. 4. ___ is the bodys tendency to maintain stable internal conditions. Make sure you review homeostasis, positive feedback loops, and negative feedback loops. . All chemical change in the body is collectively called ___. Look at the chemistry worksheet. Know the terms listed in the worksheet and their definitions. 6. Anabolism o ccurs when complex molecules are made from simpler ones. True False 7. Two groups of people were tested to determine whether garlic lowers blood cholesterol levels. One group was given 800 mg of garlic powder daily for four months and exhibited an average 12% reduction in the blood cholesterol. The other group was not given any garlic and after four months averaged a 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was not given the garlic was theA. control group. B. test group. C. placebo group. D. peer group. E. double-blind group. Review the scientific method. 8. Any chemical that speeds up a reaction but is not consumed by it is called a/an___ or _____. 9. Fats are digested by enzymes called A. lipases. B. proteases. C. glycolases. D. carboxylases. E. sterolases. Review the action of enzymes, method of naming enzymes, and the structure of a protein. 10. A positively charged ion is known as a(n) __________. 11. The chemical symbol for potassium is _________. 12. Consider sodium, which has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23.How many outer or valence electrons does it have? A. 1 B. 2 C. 8 D. 11 E. 23 13. The sharing of electrons in their outer orbital describes what type of chemical bond? Know how ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds are made. 14. What is the fate of oil droplets in water? Why? A. It will dissolve in the water because oil is hydrophilic. B. It will stay as separate oil drops because oil is hydrophilic. C. It will become more hydrophilic and partially dissolve in water. D. It will merge together to form one large oil drop because oil is hydrophobic. E. It will merge together to from one large oil drop because oil is hydrophilic.Review the structure of the phospholipid bilayer. 15. The polysaccharide that is stored in humans in the liver and muscle is called _____ and is made up of the monomer or monosaccharide called ______. A. cellulose glucose B. starch glucose C. lactose glucose + galactose D. glycogen glucose E. sucrose glucose + fr uctose Review the structure of carbohydrates, lipids (phospholipids), proteins, and nuclei acids. 16. Where is most of the ATP made within the cell? In the A. cytoplasm. B. mitochondria. C. lysosomes. D. vacuoles. E. Golgi apparatus. Review the function of the organelles within the cell. 7. The plasma membrane is said to be ___ because it allows some substances to pass through but excludes others. Know the make-up of the plasma membrane. 18. The plasma membrane is composed mainly of protein and ___ molecules. 19. Channel proteins that can open or close their pores in response to changes in voltage across the plasma membrane are called ___. 20. Programmed cell death is carried out by a process called apoptosis. True False 21. Cells of the small intestine and kidney tubule have a brush border composed of ___, which are cell extensions that increase surface area. 22.What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed? A. exocytosis B. active transport C. cil iary beating D. protein synthesis E. osmosis Review the function of the various organelles in the cell. 23. The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell is called __________. Review the cell cycle including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 24. Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. Solution A has a higher concentration of an impermeable solute compared to solution B. Which of the following do you expect would happen?A. solute will move from solution A to solution B B. solute will move from solution B to solution A C. water will more from solution A to solution B D. water will move from solution B to solution A E. no movement of solute or water will occur 25. A red blood cell is placed in a 5% salt solution. This solution would be described as ________ and will cause the cell to _____. Review osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and the active transport processes. Know the concentration of normal saline (0. 9%). 26. If a DNA molecule has 12% thymine, how much guanine will it have? A. 6% B. 12%C. 24% D. 38% E. 76% Review the structure of DNA and RNA. 27. You were able to radioactively tag an amino acid that is used to make insulin, a hormone that will be exported out of the cell. The pathway of the tagged amino acid would be A. free ribosome cytosol vesicle extracellular fluid. B. rough ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. C. rough ER smooth ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. D. smooth ER Golgi complex Golgi vesicle extracellular fluid. E. smooth ER Golgi complex lysosome extracellular fluid. Review secretion. 28.In anatomical terms, referring to the front and back, the pectoral region is what to the scapular region? 29. Which term can be used to describe the serous membrane that lines a cavity? 30. The elbow is what to the wrist? Review the directional terms, planes of sectioning, and abdominal areas. 31. After a cartilage cell becomes trapped in a lacuna, it is called a chondrocyte. True False Review the function of each of the following cells chondroblast, chondrocyte, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast. Name the four types of tissues. Review the functions of the various tissues. There will be a few pictures of the some tissues on the final.They will be fairly recognizable. 32. A tissue specialized for energy storage and thermal insulation is 33. ___ are single mucus-secreting cells found in the epithelia of many mucous membranes. A. Mast cells B. Goblet cells C. Endocrine cells D. Myocytes E. Histiocytes 34. A ___ is a relatively impenetrable attachment between two epithelial cells. A. plasma membrane B. desmosome C. tight junction D. gap junction Review the types of intracellular junctions found between cells. 35. Tendons and ligaments are made predominantly of the protein A. keratin. B. fibrin. C. actin. D. collagen. E. elastin.Review the structure of tendons, ligaments, and aponeurosis. Know what each does. 36. A ti ssue containing 20 layers of flat cells is called A. simple squamous. B. simple cuboidal. C. simple columnar. D. pseudostratified columnar. E. stratified squamous. 37. The area of the neuron which houses the nucleus is called the ______, while the long single extension that sends electrical signals to other cells is called the ______. A. neuroglia axon B. soma axon C. soma dendrite D. dendrite axon E. soma nerve Review neuronal structure. 38. The electrical charge difference across plasma membranes of all cells is called the A. esting membrane potential. B. depolarization phase. C. action potential. D. repolarization phase. E. hyperpolarization phase. Review an action potential and resting membrane potential. 39. You decided to become buff and started seriously lifting weights. After six months you began to notice that some of your muscles increased in size. This increase in size was due to _____ of the muscle cells. A. hyperplasia B. neoplasia C. hypertrophy D. metaplasia. E. atrop hy Review the definitions of the terms in the choices above. 40. The holocrine glands of the skin secrete ___. Review the sheet on glands and glandular structure.Review mucous and serous membranes. 41. Thick skin is found A. on the lips. B. on the bottom of the foot. C. between the shoulders. D. on the abdomen. E. on the buttocks. 42. Areolar tissue is found in A. the stratum corneum. B. the stratum lucidum. C. the stratum spinosum. D. the papillary layer. E. the reticular layer. 43. The fastest rate of mitosis is seen in A. the stratum corneum. B. the stratum lucidum. C. the stratum granulosum. D. the stratum spinosum. E. the stratum basale. Know the order of the layers in the epidermis and dermis. Know the types of tissues found in the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. 4. A tendon connects a muscle to a bone, whereas a ___ connects one bone to another. 45. Cells called ___ deposit matrix at the surface of a bone 46. Hematopoiesis typically occurs in A. the epiphyseal plate. B. the articular cartilages. C. the red bone marrow. D. the yellow bone marrow. E. the gelatinous bone marrow. 47. Calcium homeostasis in adults is maintained mainly by A. calcitonin. B. calcitriol. C. vitamin D. D. parathyroid hormone. E. hydroxyapatite. Review the action of calcitonin, vit. D, and parathyroid hormones and their effects on bones. 48. Most bones develop from A. hyaline cartilage.B. osseous tissue. C. bone marrow. D. endoderm. E. fibrocartilage Know the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification. 49. Bones found in the forearm are A. flat bones. B. sesamoid bones. C. spongy bones. D. long bones. E. irregular bones. Review the structure of a long bone and the microscopic structure of bone. 50. The periosteum is a connective tissue sheath which lines the _____ of bones and fuses with bones by way of _____ fibers. A. outer surface elastic B. inner surface reticular C. outer surface perforating D. inner surface perforating E. outer surface actin 51.The il ium, ischium and pubis make up a bone called ____. 52. The part of the ethmoid bone which allows nerve fibers for the sense of smell to pass directly into the brain is called the ______? 53. Which movement is limited to the foot? A. pronation B. elevation C. dorsiflexion D. abduction E. circumduction Review the movements and recognize a description of a movement. 54. This part of a synovial joint appears at the ends of the long bones. A. articular cartilage B. fibrous capsule C. synovial membrane D. meniscus E. bursa Review the parts of the synovial joint. 55. The elbow is an example of what type of joint?A. hinge B. saddle C. gliding D. condyloid E. ball and socket 56. The fibrocartilage discs of the knees are called the _____ and the ligaments which prevent hyperextension and prevent the femur from sliding off the front of the tibia are the _____ ligaments. A. menisci popliteal B. collateral ligaments cruciate C. menisci cruciate D. menisci collateral E. bursae collateral Review t he microscopic structure of cartilage. Know the three types of cartilage and recognize which is the strongest. 57. The rotator cuff includes tendons of all of the following muscles except A. the subscapularis.B. the biceps brachii. C. the infraspinatus. D. the teres minor. E. the supraspinatus. Know the rotator cuff muscles. 58. ___ are straplike muscles of uniform width whose fascicles all run in the same direction. A. Convergent muscles B. Pennate muscles C. Rectilinear muscles D. Fusiform muscles E. Parallel muscles Review the organizations of muscles . Know the difference between an aponeurosis and a tendon. 59. In skeletal muscle, groups of muscle cells are called _____ and are surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the ______. A. fascicles, endomysium B. fascicles, perimysium C. asciae, epimysium D. fasciae, endomysium E. fascicles, epimysium Know the terms endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium. Review the related terms for nerve structure also. 60. The muscular dome between the abdominal and thoracic cavity is the A. central tendon. B. diaphragm. C. external intercostals. D. internal intercostals. E. transverse abdominis. There will be a few questions like this one related to major muscles in the body. 61. One motor nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers innervated by it are called a ___. 62. A plasma membrane is said to be ___ if there is a difference in charge n opposite sides of it. 63. The ___ theory is the current model of how a muscle fiber contracts. Review the sliding filament theory of muscle movement including the structures found in a muscle cell. 64. Motor nerve fibers release a neurotransmitter called ___, which makes skeletal muscle fibers contract. 65. Which of the following is/are voluntary muscle? A. smooth muscle B. cardiac muscle C. skeletal muscle D. visceral muscle E. intestinal muscle 66. Action potentials are propagated from the surface to the interior of a muscle fiber by way of A. the sarcomeres. B. the sarcoplasmic reti culum.C. the endomysium. D. the myofibrils. E. the T tubules. Review the structure of a muscle fiber. 67. When there is not enough oxygen to create ATP by aerobic respiration, a muscle fiber can produce ATP by borrowing phosphate groups from A. cyclic adenosine monophosphate. B. creatine phosphate. C. phospholipids. D. cholinesterase. E. creatine kinase. Review cellular respiration, fermentation, and the phosphagen system for production of ATP. 68. Posture is maintained mainly by ___ fibers because they fatigue _____. A. slow-twitch slowly B. white slowly C. type II rapidly D. fast-twitch rapidlyE. fast glycolytic slowly Review the difference between slow and fast twitch muscles. Review the structure of the neuromuscular junction. 69. Which of the following is an organ system? a. connective b. circulatory c. hypogastric d. epidermal Review the organ systems. 70. Which of the following processes does not occur in cellular respiration? a. glycolysis b. transition reaction c. fermentat ion d. Krebs cycle e. electron transport chain Review the processes in cellular respiration and fermentation. Answers 1. D 2. organelles 3. negative feedback 4. homeostasis 5. metabolism 6. true 7. A 8. atalysts, enzymes 9. A 10. cation 11. K 12. A 13. covalent 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. selectively permeable 18. phospholipid 19. voltage gated channels 20. true 21. microvilli 22. D 23. metaphase 24. D 25. hypertonic, shrink 26. D 27. B 28. anterior 29. parietal 30. proximal 31. true 32. adipose 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. sebum 41. B 42. D 43. E 44. ligament 45. osteoblasts. 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. coxal 52. cribriform plate 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. E 59. B 60. B 61. motor unit 62. polarized 63. sliding filament 64. acetylcholine 65. C 66. E 67. B 68. A 69. B 70. C